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関連する概念動画

Insulin: The Receptor and Signaling Pathways01:28

Insulin: The Receptor and Signaling Pathways

Insulin action is mediated through a receptor tyrosine kinase, akin to the IGF-1 receptor. The number of receptors per cell varies significantly, from 40 on erythrocytes to 300,000 on adipocytes and hepatocytes. The insulin receptor consists of linked α/β subunit dimers, forming a heterotetramer glycoprotein with two extracellular α subunits and two β subunits spanning the membrane. The α subunits inhibit the inherent tyrosine kinase activity of the β subunits, but this inhibition is released...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway01:22

PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway

The mammalian target of rapamycin  (mTOR) is a serine/threonine kinase that regulates growth, proliferation, and cell survival in response to hormones, growth factors, or nutrient availability. This kinase exists in two structurally and functionally distinct forms: mTOR complex 1  (mTORC1) and mTOR complex 2  (mTORC2). The first form (mTORC1) is composed of a rapamycin-sensitive Raptor and proline-rich Akt substrate, PRAS40. In contrast,  mTORC2 consists of a rapamycin-insensitive companion...
Glucose Homeostasis: Pancreatic Islets and Insulin Secretion01:27

Glucose Homeostasis: Pancreatic Islets and Insulin Secretion

The pancreatic islets comprising only 1%-2% of the volume are highly vascularized and innervated mini-organs. They contain five endocrine cell types, including β cells that secrete insulin, which is synthesized as a single polypeptide chain, preproinsulin, processed to proinsulin, and finally to insulin and C-peptide. This process is complex and regulated, involving the Golgi complex, the endoplasmic reticulum, and the secretory granules of the β cell.
Insulin and C-peptide are co-secreted in...

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Updated: Jun 1, 2026

An In Vitro Protocol for Evaluating MicroRNA Levels, Functions, and Associated Target Genes in Tumor Cells
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Published on: May 21, 2019

マイクロRNA103と107は,インスリン感受性を調節する.

Mirko Trajkovski1, Jean Hausser, Jürgen Soutschek

  • 1Institute for Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli Strasse 16, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.

Nature
|June 10, 2011
PubMed
まとめ

マイクロRNA103/107 (miR-103/107) は,グルコースホメオスタシスとインスリン感受性を悪化させる. これらのマイクロRNAを静止すると,インスリン感受性が向上し,2型糖尿病の潜在的な治療標的として識別されます.

さらに関連する動画

Studying the Hypothalamic Insulin Signal to Peripheral Glucose Intolerance with a Continuous Drug Infusion System into the Mouse Brain
08:32

Studying the Hypothalamic Insulin Signal to Peripheral Glucose Intolerance with a Continuous Drug Infusion System into the Mouse Brain

Published on: January 4, 2018

Precise Visualization of Insulin Receptors A and B in Murine Brain with an RNA In Situ Hybridization Assay
08:34

Precise Visualization of Insulin Receptors A and B in Murine Brain with an RNA In Situ Hybridization Assay

Published on: July 15, 2025

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Jun 1, 2026

An In Vitro Protocol for Evaluating MicroRNA Levels, Functions, and Associated Target Genes in Tumor Cells
09:45

An In Vitro Protocol for Evaluating MicroRNA Levels, Functions, and Associated Target Genes in Tumor Cells

Published on: May 21, 2019

Studying the Hypothalamic Insulin Signal to Peripheral Glucose Intolerance with a Continuous Drug Infusion System into the Mouse Brain
08:32

Studying the Hypothalamic Insulin Signal to Peripheral Glucose Intolerance with a Continuous Drug Infusion System into the Mouse Brain

Published on: January 4, 2018

Precise Visualization of Insulin Receptors A and B in Murine Brain with an RNA In Situ Hybridization Assay
08:34

Precise Visualization of Insulin Receptors A and B in Murine Brain with an RNA In Situ Hybridization Assay

Published on: July 15, 2025

科学分野:

  • メタボリック研究
  • 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
  • エンドクリノロジー エンドクリノロジー

背景:

  • インスリンシグナリングの欠陥は,2型糖尿病の発症の鍵です.
  • マイクロRNAは代謝を含む生物学的機能を調節しますが,インビボにおけるインスリン感受性におけるその役割は不明です.

研究 の 目的:

  • インスリン感受性におけるマイクロRNAの直接的な役割を in vivoで調査する.
  • 代謝調節に関与する特定のマイクロRNAとその標的を特定する.

主な方法:

  • 肥満マウスのマイクロRNA発現を研究した.
  • 操作されたmiR-103/107レベル (静止および機能の獲得) in vivoおよびアディポサイト.
  • 直接標的遺伝子としてカヴェオリン-1を特定し,検証した.
  • 評価されたグルコースホメオスタシス,インスリン感受性,インスリン受容体シグナル伝達,脂肪細胞特性.

主要な成果:

  • miR-103/107の発現は肥満マウスで上位調節されている.
  • miR-103/107を静止すると,グルコースホメオスタシスとインスリン感受性が改善されます.
  • miR-103/107の過剰発現は,グルコースホメオスタシスを損なう.
  • カベオリン-1はmiR-103/107の直接標的であり,miR-103/107の不活性化によるアップレギュレーションにより,インスリン受容体のシグナル伝達とグルコース吸収が強化される.

結論:

  • miR-103/107は,インスリン感受性の調節に重要な役割を果たしています.
  • ターゲティング miR-103/107は,2型糖尿病と肥満に対する潜在的な治療戦略を提供します.