気候による海洋低酸素の変動性

Curtis Deutsch¹, Holger Brix, Taka Ito

¹Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. cdeutsch@atmos.ucla.edu

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|June 11, 2011

まとめ

海洋の酸素レベルは,海洋生物に重大な影響を及ぼします. 酸素含有量の小さな変化は,低酸素地帯の大きさを劇的に変化させ,生態系と栄養循環に影響を与えます.

科学分野:

マリン・バイオロジーの海洋生物学
海洋学海洋学とは
気候科学気候科学

背景:

酸素は海洋生態系にとって不可欠な資源であり,その枯渇 (低酸素) はエアロビック生物の居住能力を大きく制限する.
酸素が非常に低い状態のサブボキシック状態は,無酸素代謝を好み,生地化学的プロセスに大きく影響します.

研究の目的:

酸素含有量の変動に対する海洋性低酸素度の感受性を調査する.
特に太平洋のサブボキシックゾーンの大きさの変化を誘発するメカニズムを理解する.
気候の変動を栄養素循環と海洋光合成と結びつける.

主な方法:

モデルベースの再構築を使用して,海洋の酸素レベルにおける歴史的な変化を分析します.
低酸素の水域における熱線深さと呼吸率の関係を調べる.
気候による変化が窒素除去プロセスに与える影響を評価する.

主要な成果:

海洋性低酸素症の空間的範囲は,酸素含有量のわずかな変化に対して非常に敏感であり,サブボックスの濃度では顕著な効果があります.
太平洋最大のサブボキシックゾーンは,歴史的な再建で2倍の大きさを示した.
熱線深さの気候に起因するシフトは,呼吸と窒素循環に影響を与える重要な要因として特定されました.

結論:

海洋の脱酸素化は,海洋の居住可能性と生態系の機能に重大な脅威をもたらしています.
気候の振動は,サブボキシックゾーンの大きさと窒素の損失率の大幅な変動を引き起こす可能性があります.
これらの発見は,気候の変動性,海洋化学,海洋環境の栄養状態の間の重要なリンクを強調しています.

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