フォスフォプロテオミック分析により,Grb10はmTORC1の基板であり,インスリンシグナル伝達を否定的に調節するものであることが判明した
Yonghao Yu1, Sang-Oh Yoon, George Poulogiannis
1Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
まとめ
ラパミシン (mTOR) 経路の哺乳類の標的は,細胞プロセスを調節する. 新しい研究は,成長因子受容体結合タンパク質10 (Grb10) をmTORC1基質として特定し,癌におけるその役割を明らかにしています.
科学分野:
- 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- 腫瘍学 腫瘍学
背景:
- ラパミシン (mTOR) の哺乳類の標的は,細胞機能を調節する重要なキナーゼです.
- mTORシグナル伝達を理解することは,疾患の研究に不可欠ですが,限られた既知の基板が進歩を妨げています.
研究 の 目的:
- フォスフォプロテオミクスを用いてmTORC1とmTORC2の下流信号ネットワークを特定する.
- 特定された基板,特に成長因子受容体結合タンパク質10 (Grb10) の役割を機能的に特徴付ける.
主な方法:
- 大規模な定量的なフォスフォプロテオミクスは,mTORシグナリングをマッピングします.
- mTORC1基質Grb10のリン酸化およびその効果の特徴.
主要な成果:
- mTORC1によるリン酸化は,成長因子受容体結合タンパク質10 (Grb10) を安定させる.
- 安定したGrb10は,フォスファディチルイノシトール3キナーゼ (PI3K) と細胞外信号調節キナーゼ (ERK-MAPK) 経路を阻害する.
- ガンにおけるGrb10のダウンレギュレーションとPTENとの逆関係により,腫瘍抑制作用が示唆されている.
結論:
- Grb10のmTORC1媒介のリン酸化は,PI3KとERK-MAPK経路のフィードバック阻害を提供します.
- Grb10はmTORC1によって調節される腫瘍抑制剤として機能し,がん治療に意味を持つ可能性があります.
関連する概念動画
PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a serine/threonine kinase that regulates growth, proliferation, and cell survival in response to hormones, growth factors, or nutrient availability. This kinase exists in two structurally and functionally distinct forms: mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) and mTOR complex 2 (mTORC2). The first form (mTORC1) is composed of a rapamycin-sensitive Raptor and proline-rich Akt substrate, PRAS40. In contrast, mTORC2 consists of a rapamycin-insensitive companion...
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression
The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
The mTOR pathway or the...
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression
The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
The mTOR pathway or the...
The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway
Several cytokine receptors have tightly bound Janus kinase or JAK proteins attached at their cytosolic tail. Small signaling molecules such as cytokines, growth hormones, or prolactins bind to the cytokine receptors and initiate their dimerization. The dimerization brings the cytosolic JAKs together that trans-phosphorylate and activates each other. The activated JAKs now phosphorylate cytosolic tails of the cytokine receptors, which serve as binding sites for adaptor proteins such as SH2...
Insulin: The Receptor and Signaling Pathways
Insulin action is mediated through a receptor tyrosine kinase, akin to the IGF-1 receptor. The number of receptors per cell varies significantly, from 40 on erythrocytes to 300,000 on adipocytes and hepatocytes. The insulin receptor consists of linked α/β subunit dimers, forming a heterotetramer glycoprotein with two extracellular α subunits and two β subunits spanning the membrane. The α subunits inhibit the inherent tyrosine kinase activity of the β subunits, but this inhibition is released...
Protein Kinases and Phosphatases
Proteins undergo chemical modifications that trigger changes in the charge, structure, and conformation of the proteins. Phosphorylation, acetylation, glycosylation, nitrosylation, ubiquitination, lipidation, methylation, and proteolysis are various protein modifications that regulate protein activity. Such modifications are usually enzyme-driven.
Protein kinases
Many proteins in the cell are regulated by phosphorylation, the addition of a phosphate group. A family of enzymes called kinases...
Protein kinases
Many proteins in the cell are regulated by phosphorylation, the addition of a phosphate group. A family of enzymes called kinases...


