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Internal Receptors01:31

Internal Receptors

Many cellular signals are hydrophilic and therefore cannot pass through the plasma membrane. However, small or hydrophobic signaling molecules can cross the hydrophobic core of the plasma membrane and bind to internal, or intracellular, receptors that reside within the cell. Many mammalian steroid hormones use this mechanism of cell signaling, as does nitric oxide (NO) gas.
Short-distance Transport of Resources02:12

Short-distance Transport of Resources

Short-distance transport refers to transport that occurs over a distance of just 2-3 cells, crossing the plasma membrane in the process. Small uncharged molecules, such as oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water, can diffuse across the plasma membrane on their own. In contrast, ions and larger molecules require the assistance of transport proteins due to their charge or size. Transport across membranes also occurs within individual cells, playing a variety of essential roles for the plant as a whole.
Riboswitches01:56

Riboswitches

Riboswitches are non-coding mRNA domains that regulate the transcription and translation of downstream genes without the help of proteins. Riboswitches bind directly to a metabolite and can form unique stem-loop or hairpin structures in response to the amount of the metabolite present. They have two distinct regions – a metabolite-binding aptamer and an expression platform.
The aptamer has high specificity for a particular metabolite which allows riboswitches to specifically regulate...
Channel Rhodopsins01:11

Channel Rhodopsins

Most organisms use photoreceptors to sense and respond to light. Examples of photoreceptors include bacteriorhodopsins and bacteriophytochromes in some bacteria, phytochromes in plants, and rhodopsins in the photoreceptor cells of the vertebral retina. The light-sensitive property of these receptors is because of the bound chromophores, such as bilin in the phytochromes and retinal in the rhodopsins.
Rhodopsins belong to the family of cell surface proteins called G-protein coupled receptors,...
Cell Signaling in Plants01:25

Cell Signaling in Plants

Plant cells communicate to coordinate their cycle of growth, flowering and fruiting, and activities in roots, shoots, and leaves in response to the changing environmental conditions. Plant signaling is distinct from animal signaling. Plants primarily utilize enzyme-linked receptors, whereas the largest class of cell-surface receptors in animals are G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Unlike animals, receptor tyrosine kinases are rare in plants. Instead, plants have a diverse class of...
G-Protein Gated Ion Channels01:21

G-Protein Gated Ion Channels

GPCRs are primarily responsible for our sense of smell, taste, and vision.  The binding of a sensory stimulus activates GPCR to stimulate effector proteins, many of which are ion channels in the sensory organs. GPCRs modulate the opening and closing of the target ion channels either directly by binding them, or by releasing second messengers that activate these channels. As ions move across the membrane, the membrane potential is altered, which induces an appropriate response.
Sensory organs,...

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関連する実験動画

Updated: May 8, 2026

High Resolution Quantification of Crystalline Cellulose Accumulation in Arabidopsis Roots to Monitor Tissue-specific Cell Wall Modifications
09:27

High Resolution Quantification of Crystalline Cellulose Accumulation in Arabidopsis Roots to Monitor Tissue-specific Cell Wall Modifications

Published on: May 10, 2016

BRI1によるブラッシンステロイドの認識に関する構造的洞察

Ji She1, Zhifu Han, Tae-Wuk Kim

  • 1Key Laboratory for Protein Sciences of Ministry of Education School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.

Nature
|June 14, 2011
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

ブラシノステロイドと呼ばれる植物ホルモンは,成長の鍵です. 研究者らは,構造分析を通じてBRI1受容体がブラシノリドを認識する方法を発見し,植物ホルモンシグナル伝達の分子基盤を明らかにした.

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A High-Resolution, Single-Grain, In Vivo Pollen Hydration Bioassay for Arabidopsis thaliana
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A High-Resolution, Single-Grain, In Vivo Pollen Hydration Bioassay for Arabidopsis thaliana

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BRET-based G Protein Biosensors for Measuring G Protein-Coupled Receptor Activity in Live Cells
09:21

BRET-based G Protein Biosensors for Measuring G Protein-Coupled Receptor Activity in Live Cells

Published on: November 7, 2025

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: May 8, 2026

High Resolution Quantification of Crystalline Cellulose Accumulation in Arabidopsis Roots to Monitor Tissue-specific Cell Wall Modifications
09:27

High Resolution Quantification of Crystalline Cellulose Accumulation in Arabidopsis Roots to Monitor Tissue-specific Cell Wall Modifications

Published on: May 10, 2016

A High-Resolution, Single-Grain, In Vivo Pollen Hydration Bioassay for Arabidopsis thaliana
07:07

A High-Resolution, Single-Grain, In Vivo Pollen Hydration Bioassay for Arabidopsis thaliana

Published on: June 30, 2023

BRET-based G Protein Biosensors for Measuring G Protein-Coupled Receptor Activity in Live Cells
09:21

BRET-based G Protein Biosensors for Measuring G Protein-Coupled Receptor Activity in Live Cells

Published on: November 7, 2025

科学分野:

  • 植物生物学 植物生物学
  • 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
  • バイオケミストリー バイオケミストリー

背景:

  • ブラッシノステロイドは,成長と発達を調節する重要な植物ホルモンです.
  • ホルモンの知覚には,BRASSINOSTEROID-INSENSITIVE 1 (BRI1) 受容体複合体が関与しています.
  • BRI1は,細胞外レウシンに富んだリピートドメイン (LRR) を介してブラッシンステロイドを認識し,シグナリングカスケードを開始します.

研究 の 目的:

  • BRI1.1.によるブラッシンステロイド認識の分子メカニズムを解明する.
  • BRI1 LRRドメインの自由状態とリガンド結合状態の結晶構造を決定する.
  • ブラシノステロイド誘発受容体活性化に関する構造的洞察を提供するため.

主な方法:

  • X線結晶学を使用して,BRI1の構造を決定しました.
  • BRI1 ((LRR)) の構造分析は,アポとブラシノリド結合形態の両方で行われます.
  • モノメア状態とリガンド結合を確認するための生化学分析.

主要な成果:

  • BRI1 (LRR) は,ブラッシノリド結合から独立してモノマーとして機能する.
  • 構造は,挿入領域を持つ螺旋状ソレノイドを明らかにし,結合槽を形成します.
  • ブラッシノリドは,誘発的フィットメカニズムによってこの溝内に結合し,ドメイン間のループを安定させます.

結論:

  • この研究は,BRI1受容体によるブラシンステロイド認識の構造的基礎を定義しています.
  • ループの安定化を含む誘発的フィットメカニズムは,ホルモンの結合を促進します.
  • これらの発見は,ブラシンステロイドシグナル伝達と受容体活性化の初期段階に関する重要な洞察を提供します.