アミグダラからアキュンベンス核への刺激的伝播は,報酬を求めることを促進する
Garret D Stuber1, Dennis R Sparta, Alice M Stamatakis
1Department of Psychiatry, UNC Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA. gstuber@med.unc.edu
Nature
|July 1, 2011
まとめ
基礎側桃体 (BLA) からアキュンベンス核 (NAc) への経路は,ドーパミンD1受容体を必要とする動機付けられた行動を誘導します. この経路を阻害すると,報酬探求が減り,影響と報酬の処理におけるその役割が強調されます.
科学分野:
- 神経科学は神経科学である.
- 行動神経科学は,行動神経科学である.
- 分子神経科学は分子神経科学である.
背景:
- 基礎側桃体 (BLA) は,感情的学習とモチベーションに不可欠です.
- BLAが核アクンベンス (NAc) に投射され,動機付けられた行動に影響を与えますが,その正確な役割は不明です.
- 以前の研究では,行動中にこの経路を選択的に操作するための方法が欠けていました.
研究 の 目的:
- 動機付けられた行動におけるBLAからNAcへのグルタマタージック経路の機能を調査する.
- BLA投影の影響を媒介するNAcのドーパミン受容体の役割を決定する.
- BLA-NAc経路の機能と,中央前頭前皮質-NAc経路の機能を比較する.
主な方法:
- マウスにおけるBLA-NAcグルタマタージック繊維のインビヴォ光生性刺激および抑制.
- NAcのドーパミン受容体を標的とした頭蓋内薬理学.
- シナプス反応を評価するためのex vivo電気生理学.
- 報酬探求と自己刺激を測定する行動分析.
主要な成果:
- BLA-NAc繊維の光遺伝的刺激により,自己刺激行動が強化された.
- この自己刺激には,NAc内のドーパミンD1型受容体シグナル伝達が必要でした.
- BLA-NAc繊維の阻害により,キューエボケートされたサクラロースの摂取量が減少しました.
- 中部前頭前野のNAc繊維の活性化は,自己刺激行動をサポートしませんでした.
結論:
- ドーパミンD1受容体によって調節されるBLAからNAcへのグルタマタージック経路は,動機付けられた報酬を求める行動を促進するために重要です.
- NAcへの明確な神経経路は,動機付けられた行動を制御する上で機能的に異なる役割を持っています.
- この研究は,処理と報酬の行動に影響を与える神経回路の洞察を提供します.
関連する概念動画
Excitatory and Inhibitory Effects of Neurotransmitters
12.1K
When an action potential reaches the presynaptic axon terminal, it releases neurotransmitters from the neuron into the synaptic cleft at a chemical synapse. The released neurotransmitter can be excitatory or inhibitory. The critical criteria commonly used to determine whether a molecule is a neurotransmitter at a chemical synapse are the molecule's presence in the presynaptic neuron. Second, its release is in response to strong presynaptic depolarization. And lastly, the presence of...
12.1K
Neurochemical Transmission: Sites of Drug Action
3.5K
Neurochemical transmission, the conduction of electrical impulses between neurons mediated by neurotransmitters, plays a vital role in various physiological processes. Autonomic drugs exert their effects by modulating neurotransmission within the autonomic nervous system. For instance, drugs such as hemicholinium block the precursor uptake necessary for synthesizing acetylcholine, an essential autonomic neurotransmitter. Following synthesis, neurotransmitters are stored in vesicles. Metyrosine...
3.5K
Adrenergic Neurons: Neurotransmission
5.4K
Postganglionic sympathetic fibers (except those supplying the sweat glands) releasing noradrenaline or norepinephrine are called noradrenergic or adrenergic neurons. Noradrenaline, dopamine, adrenaline, or epinephrine are collectively called "catecholamines" as they contain a catechol moiety and an amine side chain. The five stages of neurotransmitter release involve their synthesis, storage, release, reuptake and metabolism.
Synthesis: Catecholamine synthesis requires tyrosine, which...
Synthesis: Catecholamine synthesis requires tyrosine, which...
5.4K
Functional Brain Systems: Limbic System
8.8K
The limbic system, often called the "emotional brain," is a complex set of structures located deep within the brain. The intricate network of the limbic system supports a wide range of psychological functions, from emotional regulation to memory formation and sensory processing. This functional brain region encompasses specific parts of the diencephalon and the cerebrum, integrating the higher mental functions of the cerebral cortex with the primitive emotional responses of the deep brain...
8.8K
Regulation of Food Intake
2.8K
Short-term regulation of food intake primarily involves neural signals from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, blood nutrient levels, and GI tract hormones. Communication between the gut and brain via vagal nerve fibers plays a significant role in evaluating the contents of the gut. Clinical studies have shown that protein ingestion produces a more prolonged response in these nerve fibers compared to an equivalent amount of glucose. Additionally, the activation of stretch receptors caused by GI...
2.8K
Role of Amygdala in Memory
1.9K
The amygdala is a small, almond-shaped structure responsible for processing and storing memories, particularly those linked to emotions like fear and stress. It plays an essential role in the brain's response to emotionally significant events and often enhances memory formation by triggering stress hormone release. The amygdala is vital for encoding and retrieving memories associated with fear or stress, a process that is adaptive by helping organisms avoid dangerous situations.
One of the...
One of the...
1.9K


