大気中のCO2が増加した状態で,強力な温室効果ガスの土壌排出量の増加
Kees Jan van Groenigen1, Craig W Osenberg, Bruce A Hungate
1Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona 86011, USA. cjvangroenigen@nau.edu
Nature
|July 15, 2011
まとめ
大気中の二酸化炭素 (CO2) の増加は,土壌からの酸化窒素 (N2O) とメタン (CH4) の排出を刺激する. これらの温室効果ガスの排出は,地上の炭素吸収源からの気候変動緩和の可能性の16%以上を否定する可能性があります.
科学分野:
- 環境科学 環境科学
- 土壌科学は,土壌科学である.
- 気候科学 気候科学
背景:
- 大気中の二酸化炭素 (CO2) の上昇は,微生物の活動や水分を含む土壌状態に影響を与えます.
- これらの土壌の変化は,温室効果ガス,酸化窒素 (N2O) およびメタン (CH4) の生産と消費に影響を与える可能性があります.
- 高濃度のCO2下でのN2OとCH4流動の研究の定量合成は欠けています.
研究 の 目的:
- 大気中のCO2の増加が土壌の温室効果ガス (N2OとCH4) の流れに及ぼす影響を定量的に合成する.
- これらの変化した流れが,陸上の生態系における気候変動緩和の可能性に及ぼす影響を評価する.
主な方法:
- 大気中の高濃度のCO2 (463780 ppm) の下での土壌のN2OとCH4の流れに関する既存の研究のメタ分析.
主要な成果:
- 高濃度のCO2は,高地土壌からのN2O排出を大幅に刺激する.
- 高濃度のCO2は,米畑や自然湿地のCH4排出を大幅に刺激する.
- これらの刺激された温室効果ガスの排出は,地球上の炭素吸収量の増加に起因する気候変動緩和の可能性の少なくとも16.6%を相殺すると予測されています.
結論:
- 大気中のCO2の増加は,様々な土壌から発生する強力な温室効果ガス (N2OとCH4) の排出を増大させる.
- 土地の生態系が炭素を吸収することによって気候変動を緩和する能力は,これらの温室効果ガスの排出を相殺しているため,過大評価されている可能性があります.
- これらの発見は,上昇するCO2レベルへの反応として,陸上の生態系内の複雑なフィードバックメカニズムを強調しています.
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