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ココロリトフォアの炭酸塩化学と海洋酸性化に対する感受性

L Beaufort¹, I Probert, T de Garidel-Thoron

¹CEREGE, CNRS/Université Aix-Marseille, Avenue L. Philibert BP80, 13545 Aix-en-Provence, Cedex 4, France. beaufort@cerege.fr

|August 5, 2011

まとめ

海洋酸性化は海洋生物を脅かしている. この研究では,二酸化炭素 (CO2) のレベルが上昇すると,重要な植物プランクトンであるココロリトホルスの化が減り,海洋の炭素循環に影響を及ぼすことが明らかになりました.

科学分野:

マリン・バイオロジーマリン・バイオロジー
海洋学海洋学とは
気候科学気候科学

背景:

海洋は,人類による二酸化炭素 (CO2) の約3分の1を吸収する.
この吸収は,海洋酸性化を引き起こし,海洋生態系,特に化生物に大きな脅威をもたらします.
豊富な植物プランクトンであるコッコリトホルスは,海洋の炭酸塩産生に重要な役割を果たしています.

研究の目的:

過去4万年にわたる支配的なココリトフォアにおけるカルシット質量を定量化するために.
石灰化,CO2濃度,および炭酸塩化学の関係を調査する.
環境の変化に対するココロリトホルスの集合レベルでの反応を理解する.

主な方法:

支配的なココリソフォアにおけるカルシット質量の定量化.
海洋炭酸塩化学との関係におけるココリトフォア分布の分析.
4万年に及ぶ化石記録の調査.

主要な成果:

CO2の部分圧力の増加と炭酸イオン濃度の減少とともに,カルシフィケーションの減少の明確なパターンが観察されました.
異なるカルシフィケーションレベルを持つ種と形態型は,海洋炭酸塩化学に基づいて分布しています.
濃厚に化したEmiliania huxleyiの形態は,現代の低pHの水域で確認された.

結論:

海洋酸性化はココリトホルスの結石化と分布に大きく影響している.
石灰化パターンの変化は,海洋の炭素循環に重大な影響を及ぼすことを示唆しています.
アセンブリレベルでの反応の複雑さは,海洋生態系適応に関するさらなる研究の必要性を強調しています.

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