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最後の氷河期の間,東アフリカにおける年間降雨の変動が減少した
Christian Wolff1, Gerald H Haug, Axel Timmermann
1Helmholtz Centre Potsdam GeoForschungsZentrum (GFZ-German Research Centre for Geosciences), Section 5.2-Climate Dynamics and Landscape Evolution, Telegrafenberg, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany.
まとめ
東アフリカ,東アフリカ.
科学分野:
- 古代気候学 (paleoclimatology) とは,古代気候学 (paleoclimatology) とは,古代気候学 (paleoclimatology) とは,古代気候学 (paleoclimatology) とは,古代気候学 (paleoclimatology) とは
- 気候科学 気候科学
- 環境科学 環境科学
背景:
- 東アフリカにおける年次降雨は,エルニーニョの南方振動 (ENSO) の強い影響を受けています.
- エルニーニョの洪水やラニーニョの干ばつなど,ENSOに関連した降雨異常は,地域の食糧安全保障と人口に大きく影響を与えます.
- 過去の降雨の変動を理解することは,将来の気候の動向を予測する上で極めて重要です.
研究 の 目的:
- 過去3千年における東アフリカ赤道地域における,ENSO関連の降雨変動を復元する.
- 最後の氷河期における降雨パターンの変化を調査する.
- 将来の温暖化が東アフリカの降雨変動に与える影響を予測する.
主な方法:
- ケニア南東部から毎年レイミナートされる湖の堆積物核の分析.
- 年間間から百年規模の降雨変動の再構築.
- データ抽出をサポートする気候モデルシミュレーション.
主要な成果:
- ENSO関連の大規模な降雨変動の証拠は,過去3,000年にわたって存在しています.
- 最後の氷河期における平均降雨率と変動の減少を観測した.
- 気候モデルによると,将来の温暖化シナリオでは,東アフリカでは年次降雨の変動が強くなっていることが示されています.
結論:
- 湖の堆積物記録は,東アフリカにおける長期的な気候動態に関する貴重な洞察を提供します.
- 過去の気候の変動は,ENSOと地球規模の気候変動に対する地域の感受性を強調しています.
- 将来の気候温暖化は,降雨の変動性を悪化させ,地域にリスクをもたらすと予測されています.
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