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関連する概念動画

Radical Reactivity: Nucleophilic Radicals01:16

Radical Reactivity: Nucleophilic Radicals

Radicals adjacent to electron-donating groups are called nucleophilic radicals. These radicals readily react with electrophilic alkenes. The SOMO–LUMO interactions are the driving force for the reaction, where the high-energy SOMO of the electron-rich, nucleophilic radicals interacts with the low-energy LUMO of the electron-deficient, electrophilic alkenes. Such SOMO–LUMO interactions are the basis of reactive radical traps, affecting the selectivity in radical reactions. For instance, consider...
Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:10

Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

Chain-growth or addition polymerization is successive addition reactions of monomers with a polymer chain. In radical chain-growth polymerization, the reaction proceeds via a free-radical intermediate. The free radical is formed from radical initiators, which spontaneously generate free radicals by homolytic fission. Organic peroxides (such as dibenzoyl peroxide, as shown in Figure 1) or azo compounds are popular radical initiators. A low concentration ratio of radical initiator to monomer is...
Radical Reactivity: Overview01:11

Radical Reactivity: Overview

Radicals, the highly reactive species, gain stability by undergoing three different reactions. The first reaction involves a radical-radical coupling, in which a radical combines with another radical, forming a spin‐paired molecule. The second reaction is between a radical and a spin‐paired molecule, generating a new radical and a new spin‐paired molecule. The third reaction is radical decomposition in a unimolecular reaction, forming a new radical and a spin‐paired molecule. These three...
ortho–para-Directing Activators: –CH3, –OH, –⁠NH2, –OCH301:11

ortho–para-Directing Activators: –CH3, –OH, –⁠NH2, –OCH3

All ortho–para directors, excluding halogens, are activating groups. These groups donate electrons to the ring, making the ring carbons electron-rich. Consequently, the reactivity of the aromatic ring towards electrophilic substitution increases. For instance, the nitration of anisole is about 10,000 times faster than the nitration of benzene. The electron-donating effect of the methoxy group in anisole activates the ortho and para positions on the ring and stabilizes the corresponding...
Radical Reactivity: Steric Effects01:10

Radical Reactivity: Steric Effects

The presence of electron-donating, electron-withdrawing, or conjugating groups adjacent to a radical center, imparts electronic stabilization to the radicals. Examples of such electronically-stabilized radicals are triphenylmethyl, tetramethylpiperidine‐N‐oxide, and 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl. These radicals are remarkably stable and are known as persistent radicals. Some of the persistent radicals can even be isolated and purified.
Along with electronic factors, steric factors also account...

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関連する実験動画

Updated: May 30, 2026

The Development and Application of Biophysical Assays for Evaluating Ternary Complex Formation Induced by Proteolysis Targeting Chimeras (PROTACS)
07:22

The Development and Application of Biophysical Assays for Evaluating Ternary Complex Formation Induced by Proteolysis Targeting Chimeras (PROTACS)

Published on: January 12, 2024

反応性のあるルビナフトホラート構成要素で,自己調節感触性を備えています.

Johanna M Blacquiere1, Carolyn S Higman, Robert McDonald

  • 1Center for Catalysis Research & Innovation and Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|August 17, 2011
PubMed
まとめ

新しいルテニウム・ビナフトホラート (BINO) の構成要素は,多様な協調化学を可能にします. この汎用的な複合体は,ユニークな結合モードを披露し,様々なルテニウム誘導体の合成を容易にします.

科学分野:

  • 有機金属化学 有機金属化学
  • 協調化化学について
  • ルテニウムの複合体

背景:

  • ルテニウム複合体は,触媒と材料科学において不可欠である.
  • ビナフトラートなどのアトロピソメアリンガンドは,ユニークなステレオ化学的制御を提供します.
  • 新しいリガンドの調整モードを探求することで,合成の汎用性が向上します.

研究 の 目的:

  • 多用途のルテニウム・ビナフトホラート (BINO) の構成要素を導入する.
  • ルテニウムとBINOリガンドの新たな調整モードを調査する.
  • 様々なルテニウム誘導体を生成するためのBINO複合体の合成的有用性を実証する.

主な方法:

  • RuCl ((2) (((PPh ((3))) ((3))) とTl ((2) (((S) -BINO)) から新しいルテニウムビナフトラート複合体 (7) の合成.
  • 顕微鏡技術と単結晶X線微分法を用いた7'および7"イソマーの特徴化.
  • 複合体7が穏やかな条件下で新しい誘導体を形成する反応性の探求.

主要な成果:

  • 汎用性の高いRu-BINOの構成要素 (7) が成功裏に合成されました.
  • 新しい η(3) -CCO,η(3) -O'C'C' bis(enolate) BINO結合モードが観察され,リガンドの柔軟性を強調した.

さらに関連する動画

Functionalization of Single-walled Carbon Nanotubes with Thermo-reversible Block Copolymers and Characterization by Small-angle Neutron Scattering
09:12

Functionalization of Single-walled Carbon Nanotubes with Thermo-reversible Block Copolymers and Characterization by Small-angle Neutron Scattering

Published on: June 1, 2016

The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes
10:51

The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes

Published on: April 10, 2015

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: May 30, 2026

The Development and Application of Biophysical Assays for Evaluating Ternary Complex Formation Induced by Proteolysis Targeting Chimeras (PROTACS)
07:22

The Development and Application of Biophysical Assays for Evaluating Ternary Complex Formation Induced by Proteolysis Targeting Chimeras (PROTACS)

Published on: January 12, 2024

Functionalization of Single-walled Carbon Nanotubes with Thermo-reversible Block Copolymers and Characterization by Small-angle Neutron Scattering
09:12

Functionalization of Single-walled Carbon Nanotubes with Thermo-reversible Block Copolymers and Characterization by Small-angle Neutron Scattering

Published on: June 1, 2016

The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes
10:51

The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes

Published on: April 10, 2015

  • 複合体7およびその誘導体は,2〜4個の追加リガンドと安定性を示し,アセトニトリル,ピリジン,ビニリデネ複合体への簡単な変換を可能にしました.

    • 結論:

    • 報告されたRu-BINO複合体は,アトロピゾーマー型バイナフトホラートルテニウム化学への容易な入り口を提供します.
    • 観察された多様な調整モードと複数のリガンドの安定化は,BINO部分の柔軟性を強調しています.
    • この研究では,様々なBINO協調モードのNMRシグネチャーを提案し,遅金属BINO化学の将来の研究を支援しています.