4歳から12歳までの子供の実行機能の発達を支援する介入が示されています
1University of British Columbia and Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A1, Canada. adele.diamond@ubc.ca
まとめ
エグゼクティブ機能の開発は成功の鍵です. ゲーム,エアロビクス,マインドフルネスなどの活動は,特に初期に課題を抱えている子供たちのこれらのスキルを向上させ,潜在的に達成のギャップを埋める.
科学分野:
- 子どもの発達 子供の発達 子供の発達
- 認知心理学とは,認知心理学である.
- 教育心理学の教育心理学について
背景:
- エグゼクティブ機能 (EFs) は,創造性,自己コントロール,集中力を含む成功に不可欠です.
- EFには,精神的な柔軟性や衝動制御などの認知プロセスが含まれます.
- EFの早期の特定と訓練は,後の学術的な格差を防ぐことができます.
研究 の 目的:
- 子どもの実行機能を高める多様な活動を検討する.
- 効果的なEFトレーニングプログラムの共通の原則を特定する.
- 総合的な開発がEFの改善に与える影響を調査する.
主な方法:
- 子どもの実行機能を改善することが示された様々な介入の分析.
- 実践と漸進的な課題を含むプログラムの特徴の検討.
- 身体的,感情的,社会的発達の役割を考慮する.
主要な成果:
- コンピュータートレーニング,ゲーム,エアロビクス,武術,ヨガ,マインドフルネス,カリキュラムなど,数多くの活動により,執行機能が向上します.
- 効果的なプログラムには,繰り返し練習し,難易度が上昇することが必要です.
- ベースラインの実行機能が低い子どもは,最も大きな進歩を示しています.
結論:
- ターゲットを絞ったエグゼクティブ機能のトレーニング,特に初期段階では,子供にとって非常に有益である可能性があります.
- 身体的,感情的,社会的発達と認知トレーニングを併せて取り組むホリスティックなアプローチは,より効果的かもしれません.
- エグゼクティブ機能の改善は,業績のギャップの拡大を和らげることができます.
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