集団の可塑性についての信念を変えることによって,中東の平和プロセスを促進する
Eran Halperin1, Alexandra G Russell, Kali H Trzesniewski
1Lauder School of Government, Diplomacy and Strategy, Interdisciplinary Center Herzliya, Herzliya 46150, Israel.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|August 27, 2011
まとめ
グループが変化できると信じること (柔軟性) は,グループ間の態度と平和のために妥協する意思を改善します. この発見は,イスラエルのユダヤ人,イスラエルのパレスチナ市民,そして西岸のパレスチナ人にも当てはまる.
科学分野:
- 社会心理学 社会心理学とは
- 平和と紛争研究 平和と紛争研究
- 姿勢の形成 姿勢の形成
背景:
- グループ間の関係は,しばしば対立と妥協の意思の欠如によって特徴付けられます.
- 集団の根本的な性質 (固定的対可塑性) に関する信念は,集団間のダイナミクスを著しく影響する可能性があります.
研究 の 目的:
- 集団の性質に関する信念 (柔軟性 vs. 固定性) が,集団間の態度と平和のために妥協する意思に与える影響を調査する.
- イスラエル・パレスチナ紛争に巻き込まれたさまざまな集団におけるこれらの影響を調査する.
主な方法:
- イスラエルのユダヤ人を対象とした全国的な調査 (N=500) と3つの実験研究を含む4つの研究が行われました.
- 実験的な操作は,アウトグループについて明示的に言及することなく,グループ可塑性対固定性についての信念を誘導しました.
- 参加者の中には,イスラエルのユダヤ人 (N=76),イスラエルのパレスチナ人市民 (N=59) および西岸のパレスチナ人 (N=53) がいた.
主要な成果:
- 集団の可塑性に対する信念は,イスラエル系ユダヤ人の外派 (パレスチナ人) に対する態度を肯定的に予測した.
- このポジティブな態度は,より大きな平和のための妥協の意向を予測した.
- 人口に関係なく,柔軟な信念の実験的誘導は,よりポジティブな集団間の態度をもたらし,妥協への意欲を高めました.
結論:
- 集団の性質の可塑性に関する信念は,集団間のポジティブな態度を育み,平和を促進する重要な要因である.
- これらの根本的な信念をターゲットにすることは,紛争を緩和し,長引く集団間の紛争で妥協を促すための潜在的な経路を提供します.
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