慢性閉塞性肺疾患の免疫学に関する新しい洞察
Guy G Brusselle1, Guy F Joos, Ken R Bracke
1Laboratory for Translational Research of Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital and Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. guy.brusselle@ugent.be
Lancet (London, England)
|September 13, 2011
まとめ
慢性阻害性肺疾患 (COPD) は,吸入された刺激物質による肺炎を伴う. 免疫反応は,自己免疫性や酸化ストレスなどの要因により,禁煙後も持続します.
科学分野:
- 免疫学 免疫学とは
- 肺病理学 肺病理学とは
- 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
背景:
- 慢性阻害性肺疾患 (COPD) は,慢性肺炎によって特徴付けられています.
- 有害な粒子やガス,主にタバコの煙は,先天的な免疫細胞を活性化します.
- この活性化は,適応性免疫反応を誘発し,肺組織の変化につながります.
研究 の 目的:
- COPDにおける持続的な肺炎を誘発するメカニズムを探求する.
- 禁煙にもかかわらず,COPDの病原性における様々な要因の役割を理解する.
主な方法:
- COPDの病原性に関する現在の文献のレビュー.
- 免疫細胞の活性化経路の分析 (先天的および適応的).
- 慢性炎症に寄与する要因の議論.
主要な成果:
- 喫煙煙は,パターン認識受容体を通して上皮細胞とマクロファージを活性化します.
- dendritic 細胞は,T 細胞とB 細胞の反応を含む,適応免疫を開始します.
- 感染は,安定したCOPDの炎症を拡大し,永続化させます.
結論:
- COPDにおける持続的な炎症は多因性である.
- 自己免疫性,酸化ストレス,低酸素,マイクロRNAの調節不全などの要因が寄与する.
- これらの要因は,禁煙後でも肺炎を維持します.
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