1980年から2010年までの187カ国の乳がんと子宮頸がん:体系的な分析
Mohammad H Forouzanfar1, Kyle J Foreman, Allyne M Delossantos
1Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, USA.
Lancet (London, England)
|September 20, 2011
まとめ
乳がんの発生率は世界的に上昇しているが,子宮頸がんの発生率は減少している. 両方の癌は,特に発展途上国において,依然として死亡率の重要な原因であり,政策の焦点を強めることが必要である.
科学分野:
- 腫瘍学 腫瘍学
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
- グローバル・ヘルス グローバル・ヘルス
背景:
- 乳がんと子宮頸がんは,世界中で15歳以上の女性の死亡原因の1つです.
- 187カ国で年齢別評価が行われました.
研究 の 目的:
- 1980年から2010年にかけての乳がんや子宮頸がんの発生率と死亡率の世界の傾向を分析する.
- 年齢別および国別で,がん負担の推定値を提供すること.
主な方法:
- 癌登録データ,生命記録,口頭解剖データを体系的に収集する.
- 階層的なモデルを使用して死亡率と発生率 (MI) の比率のモデリング.
- 不確実性のある死亡率と発生率の推定のためのガウスプロセス回帰.
主要な成果:
- 世界的に乳がんの発生率は,1980年から2010年まで毎年3.1%増加しました. 乳がんは2010年に42万5千人の命を奪いました.
- 世界的に,子宮頸がんの発生率は毎年0.6%増加し,2010年には20万人死亡しました. 死亡率は低下しています.
- 乳がんによる死亡率の傾向には,地域差が大きいことが観察されました. 開発途上国は,特に若い女性にとって,かなりの負担を背負っています.
結論:
- 乳がんと子宮頸がんに対する保健システムの対応を強化するために,政策の注目を高めることは極めて重要です.
- 癌による死亡率を減らすために,開発途上国では特に標的を絞った介入が必要である.
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