ゲノム全体の核細胞組織におけるSnf2に関連する核細胞間隔酵素の役割
Triantaffyllos Gkikopoulos1, Pieta Schofield, Vijender Singh
1Wellcome Trust Centre for Gene Regulation and Expression, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 5EH, UK.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|September 24, 2011
まとめ
酵母遺伝子の核細胞の位置づけは,DNAアクセシビリティのためにIsw1およびChd1酵素に依存しています. これらのATP依存リモデレータがなければ,正規の核細胞組織は失われ,遺伝的プロセスに影響を与えます.
科学分野:
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
- クロマチンの生物学
背景:
- ユカリオットの遺伝子コーディング領域内の核細胞の位置付けは,転写の開始部位に相対的に組織されています.
- この正確な組織は,遺伝子発現の調節に不可欠であり,アクセシブルなDNAが必要です.
- この核細胞組織を維持する酵素は,完全に理解されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- 酵母菌のコーディング領域内の核細胞組織を維持する特定の核細胞間隔酵素の役割を調査する.
- Saccharomyces cerevisiaeにおける核細胞の規則的な位置づけに起因する重要な要因を特定する.
主な方法:
- Isw1とChd1の核分裂酵素を除去するために遺伝的消去戦略を活用しました.
- 野生型および変異性酵母菌株における核細胞の位置づけパターンを分析した.
- 酵素欠乏がDNAアクセシビリティと遺伝子調節に与える影響を調査した.
主要な成果:
- Isw1とChd1の結合作用は,ほとんどのコーディング領域で規則的な核細胞位置づけを維持するために不可欠です.
- Isw1 と Chd1 の喪失は,核細胞の定位の大部分の破壊につながります.
- プロモーターと+1核分裂体の上流を含む特定の領域は,組織を維持しており,他の要因の関与を示唆しています.
結論:
- ATPに依存するクロマチンの改造酵素,特にIsw1とChd1は,Saccharomyces cerevisiaeにおける核細胞の位置づけの主な原動力である.
- これらの酵素の破壊は,ゲノム全体の核細胞組織に大きな影響を及ぼします.
- 特定の遺伝子領域における核細胞の位置づけに起因する要因を明らかにするために,さらなる研究が必要である.
関連する概念動画
02:54Nucleosome Remodeling
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Nucleosome remodeling complex
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Eukaryotic cells have specialized enzymes called ATP-dependent nucleosome remodeling enzymes. These enzymes...
01:12The Nucleosome Core Particle
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Nucleosomes, paradoxically, perform two opposite functions simultaneously. On the one hand, their primary aim is to protect the delicate DNA strands from physical damage and help achieve a higher compaction ratio. On the other hand, they must allow polymerase enzymes to access histone-bound DNA during...
02:10The Nucleosome Core Particle
Nucleosomes are the DNA-histone complex, where the DNA strand is wound around the histone core. The histone core is an octamer containing two copies of H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 histone proteins.
The paradox
Nucleosomes, paradoxically, perform two opposite functions simultaneously. On the one hand, their main responsibility is to protect the delicate DNA strands from physical damage and help achieve a higher compaction ratio. While on the other hand, they must allow polymerase enzymes to access DNA...
The paradox
Nucleosomes, paradoxically, perform two opposite functions simultaneously. On the one hand, their main responsibility is to protect the delicate DNA strands from physical damage and help achieve a higher compaction ratio. While on the other hand, they must allow polymerase enzymes to access DNA...
02:33The Nucleosome
DNA in a human cell is almost 2m long and it is packed inside a tiny nucleus that is only a few microns in diameter. The level of compaction of DNA inside the nucleus is astonishing. It is organized into several sequentially higher levels of compaction to fit into such a tiny space. The most compact form of DNA is a chromosome that can be seen under a microscope in a dividing cell.
DNA is wound twice around a protein complex called histone core, that consist of 8 histone proteins. This complex...
DNA is wound twice around a protein complex called histone core, that consist of 8 histone proteins. This complex...
01:19The Nucleosome
Human DNA is almost two meters long. However, it is compressed inside a tiny nucleus measuring only a few microns in diameter. To make this degree of compaction possible, DNA is organized into several sequential levels so that it can fit into such a tiny space. The most compact form of DNA is a chromosome that can be seen under a microscope in a dividing cell.
In a chromosome, DNA is wound twice around a protein complex called a histone octamer core, which consists of 8 histone proteins. This...
In a chromosome, DNA is wound twice around a protein complex called a histone octamer core, which consists of 8 histone proteins. This...
02:33The Nucleosome
DNA in a human cell is almost 2m long and it is packed inside a tiny nucleus that is only a few microns in diameter. The level of compaction of DNA inside the nucleus is astonishing. It is organized into several sequentially higher levels of compaction to fit into such a tiny space. The most compact form of DNA is a chromosome that can be seen under a microscope in a dividing cell.
DNA is wound twice around a protein complex called histone core, that consist of 8 histone proteins. This complex...
DNA is wound twice around a protein complex called histone core, that consist of 8 histone proteins. This complex...