関連する実験動画
Updated: May 12, 2026

11:07
Creating Defined Gaseous Environments to Study the Effects of Hypoxia on C. elegans
Published on: July 20, 2012
低酸素に対するホメオスタティック反応は,植物におけるN端規則経路によって調節される
Daniel J Gibbs1, Seung Cho Lee, Nurulhikma Md Isa
1Division of Plant and Crop Sciences, School of Biosciences and Centre for Plant Integrative Biology, University of Nottingham, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK.
Nature
|October 25, 2011
まとめ
N-end ルール経路は,植物における重要な酸素センサーとして機能し,低酸素管理のための重要な転写因子を調節します. この発見は,低酸素条件下での植物の生存のための新しい分子機構を明らかにしています.
科学分野:
- 植物分子生物学 植物分子生物学
- バイオケミストリー バイオケミストリー
- 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
背景:
- 植物には,ミトコンドリアの呼吸を介してエネルギー生産のために酸素が必要です.
- 低酸素 (低酸素) は,植物における適応的代謝および転写の変化を誘発する.
- 動物とは異なり,植物は遺伝子調節のための明確に定義された酸素感知機構を欠いている.
研究 の 目的:
- 植物酸素感知におけるN-endルール経路の役割を調査する.
- 低酸素状態でのN端規則経路の分子標的を特定するために.
- 植物における低酸素耐性のメカニズムを解明する.
主な方法:
- アラビドプシスの変異体の遺伝子解析.N端のルール経路成分に欠陥がある.
- 低酸素反応性遺伝子の遺伝子発現分析.
- 異なった酸素濃度下での転写因子のタンパク質安定性アッセイ.
- 米SUB1A-1.1との比較分析
主要な成果:
- アラビドプシスの変異種は,N-エンドルール経路の成分が欠けているので,構成的に低酸素反応遺伝子を発現し,高酸素耐性を発揮します.
- N-end ルールの経路は,Met-Cys N-ターミナルモチーフを含むエチレン応答因子グループVIIの転写因子 (例えば,HRE2) をターゲットとしています.
- 低酸素下でのHRE2の安定化は,植物の生存を向上させます.
- 米SUB1A-1は,モチーフを持っているにもかかわらず,N-endルール経路によって規制されていません.
結論:
- N-endルール経路は,アラビドプシスの重要な酸素センサーとして機能し,低酸素反応転写因子を調節します.
- この経路は,植物における重度の低酸素レベルを感知し,それに反応するための分子機構を提供する.
- この経路から米SUB1A-1の分離は,代替メカニズムが米種の浸水耐性を高めるのに寄与することを示唆しています.
関連する概念動画
Regulation of Transpiration by Stomata
During photosynthesis, plants acquire the necessary carbon dioxide and release the produced oxygen back into the atmosphere. Openings in the epidermis of plant leaves is the site of this exchange of gasses. A single opening is called a stoma—derived from the Greek word for “mouth.” Stomata open and close in response to a variety of environmental cues.
Responses to Heat and Cold Stress
Every organism has an optimum temperature range within which healthy growth and physiological functioning can occur. At the ends of this range, there will be a minimum and maximum temperature that interrupt biological processes.
Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply
Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits. Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl hydroxylase and factor...
Physiological Control of Respiration
Introduction
Breathing, a seemingly passive process, is regulated by the respiratory center in the brainstem. This center coordinates the involuntary control of respirations, which means it occurs without conscious effort, ensuring a smooth and uninterrupted pattern.
Regulation of Ventilation
The body maintains ventilation by monitoring levels of carbon dioxide (CO2), oxygen (O2), and hydrogen ion concentration (pH) in the arterial blood. Among these factors, the level of CO2 plays a crucial...
Breathing, a seemingly passive process, is regulated by the respiratory center in the brainstem. This center coordinates the involuntary control of respirations, which means it occurs without conscious effort, ensuring a smooth and uninterrupted pattern.
Regulation of Ventilation
The body maintains ventilation by monitoring levels of carbon dioxide (CO2), oxygen (O2), and hydrogen ion concentration (pH) in the arterial blood. Among these factors, the level of CO2 plays a crucial...
Autoregulation of Blood Flow
Autoregulation mechanisms are characterized by their inherent capacity for self-regulation without necessitating specific nervous stimulation or endocrine control. These mechanisms facilitate the adjustment of blood flow and, therefore, perfusion specific to each tissue region. This self-regulation encompasses chemical signals and myogenic controls.
Chemical Signaling in Autoregulation
Chemical signaling operates at the precapillary sphincter level, inciting either contraction or relaxation.
Chemical Signaling in Autoregulation
Chemical signaling operates at the precapillary sphincter level, inciting either contraction or relaxation.
Hypoxia
Hypoxia is a medical condition characterized by an inadequate oxygen supply to body tissues. It typically manifests as a bluish discoloration of the skin and mucosae, especially in fair-skinned individuals, when hemoglobin (Hb) saturation drops below 75%.
Types of Hypoxia
There are four primary types of hypoxia, each resulting from a different cause:
1. Anemic hypoxia: This type occurs due to insufficient oxygen delivery caused by a lack of red blood cells (RBCs) or RBCs with abnormal or...
Types of Hypoxia
There are four primary types of hypoxia, each resulting from a different cause:
1. Anemic hypoxia: This type occurs due to insufficient oxygen delivery caused by a lack of red blood cells (RBCs) or RBCs with abnormal or...

