軟骨類の進化的関係を,系統遺伝学的なツールで解明する
Stephen A Smith1, Nerida G Wilson, Freya E Goetz
1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA.
Nature
|October 28, 2011
まとめ
この研究は,トランスクリプトームデータを用いて軟体生物の進化的関係を解明しています. 結果は,アキュリフェラ・クラドとコンチフェラ・モノフィリーを支持し,モルラスカ内のモノプラコフォラとスカフォポダの配置を明確にします.
科学分野:
- * 動物学 動物学
- * 進化生物学について
- * 系統遺伝学について
背景:
- *モルルカは,巨大な形態学的多様性を表しており,種の豊かさでは,アルトロポダに次いでいます.
- * 広範な研究にもかかわらず,モルラスカ内の進化的関係は依然として解明されていないため,起源と形態学的進化の理解に影響を与えています.
- * 未解決の重要な問題には,貝殻のないアプラコフォランスの系統的位置と貝殻のある軟体動物 (Conchifera) の単一属性が含まれています.
研究 の 目的:
- * 総合的な分子データを用いて,主要なモルルカン群の遺伝関係を解明する.
- * 貝殻の減少と増殖の進化史をモルルスカの内部で調査する.
- * 軟体動物の発達と解剖学に関する将来の研究のための堅固な進化的枠組みを提供するため.
主な方法:
- *15種類の様々なモルシュク種のトランスクリプトームデータの生成.
- *新しいデータを既存の分子データセットと統合し,最大216,402のサイトと1,185の遺伝子領域の分析をもたらしました.
- * 堅実な結果を確実にするために,複数の系統遺伝学モデルと分析方法の適用.
主要な成果:
- * アキュリフェラ (のある軟体動物,真の貝殻がない) とコンチフェラ (貝殻のある軟体動物) の単一性に対する強い支持.
- * MonoplacophoraはCephalopodaの姉妹群として解決され,他のConchiferaではない.
- * Scaphopoda,Gastropoda,Bivalviaを構成するよく支持されたクラードが特定され,ScaphopodaとGastropodaはしばしば姉妹グループである.
結論:
- * この研究は,モルラスカの系統形成を明確にし,長年にわたる進化論上の疑問を明らかにした.
- *この発見は,殻のないモルルシカと殻のあるモルルシカの異なる進化軌道を支持しています.
- * 確立された系統遺伝的枠組みは,軟体動物の進化,発達,比較解剖学に関する将来の研究を促進します.
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