ファネロゾーイク時代 地球システム進化と海洋生物多様性
Bjarte Hannisdal1, Shanan E Peters
1Department of Earth Science, Centre for Geobiology, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, Bergen, Norway. bjarte.hannisdal@geo.uib.no
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|November 26, 2011
まとめ
化石の海洋動物の多様性は堆積岩を追跡しますが,この共変異はサンプリングバイアスのみではありません. 大陸の洪水や海洋化学を含む地球システムの相互作用は,岩石の量に関係なく生物多様性のパターンを駆動します.
科学分野:
- パレオントロジー・パレオントロジー
- 地質学 地質学 地質学
- マクロエボリューション
背景:
- 化石記録における海洋動物の多様性は,海洋の堆積岩の豊富さと相関しているようです.
- この相関が地質学的サンプリングバイアスを反映する程度は十分に理解されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- 海洋動物の多様性のパターンが,地質学的サンプリングバイアスを超えた要因の影響を受けているかどうかを調査する.
- 地球システムプロセスとファネロゾイク期の海洋生物多様性との関係を調査する.
主な方法:
- 海水化学と大陸の洪水に関するファネロゾイク記録の分析.
- 環境変数と化石多様性データとのコヴァリエーションの統計的検討.
- 地質学的,化学的,生物学的データセットの間の長期的な相互作用の尋問.
主要な成果:
- 海洋動物の多様性データには,堆積岩の量と採取から独立した情報が含まれています.
- 大陸の洪水,硫黄と炭素の循環,マクロ進化の間の長期的な相互作用が特定されました.
- サンプリングバイアスではなく,相互作用する地球システム内の相互反応が,観測された共変数の多くを説明します.
結論:
- 沈殿と化石生物多様性のファネロゾイク型パターンは,主に相互作用する地球システムによって引き起こされる.
- 生物多様性の変化は,海洋の酸化還元条件と海面の変動に対する生物学的反応を反映する環境記録と結びついています.
- プレート構造による海面の変化と海洋化学のシフトは,マクロ進化のパターンの主要な原動力である.
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