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海洋植物プランクトンによる硫黄排出による気候規制に反対する主張
1NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, Seattle, Washington 98115, USA. patricia.k.quinn@noaa.gov
Nature
|December 2, 2011
まとめ
CLAWの仮説では,植物プランクトンから放出された二酸化メチル (DMS) が,雲の凝縮核を形成することによって気候を調節することを提案した. 何十年もの研究により,この生物学的気候調節は存在しない可能性が高いことが示され,CLAW仮説を引退させる必要があることを示唆しています.
科学分野:
- 大気化学 大気化学
- 気候科学 気候科学
- 海洋学 海洋学とは
背景:
- CLAW仮説では,海洋植物プランクトンが二酸化メチル (DMS) を放出し,雲の形成に影響を与え,気候を調節することを提案した.
- この提案されたフィードバックループは,DMSが雲凝縮核 (CCN) を形成し,雲のアルベドを変化させ,その後,DMSの排出を伴う.
研究 の 目的:
- 過去20年間にわたってCLAW仮説の証拠を評価する.
- DMSとCCNによる気候の生物学的調節が海洋境界層に存在するかどうかを判断する.
主な方法:
- 海洋境界層観測のレビュー.
- 実験室での研究の分析.
- 気候とエアロゾールモデリングの取り組みの評価.
主要な成果:
- 証拠によると,ダイメチル硫化物による雲凝縮核の生物学的制御はおそらく存在しないことを示唆しています.
- 海洋境界層の核の発生源と,エアロゾールに対する雲の反応は,当初提案されたより複雑である.
- CLAW仮説は,現在の科学的な理解によって支持されていません.
結論:
- 提案された生物学的気候調節機構であるCLAW仮説は,広範な研究によって支持されていません.
- 現在の発見は,雲の形成と気候フィードバックにおけるジメチル硫化物の役割は,おそらく無視できるものであることを示しています.
- 裏付けの証拠が不足しているため,CLAW仮説を引退させる時です.
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