ガン幹細胞とそのニッチの間の相互作用が,転移性コロニー化を支配する
Ilaria Malanchi1, Albert Santamaria-Martínez, Evelyn Susanto
1Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research and National Center of Competence in Research Molecular Oncology, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
Nature
|December 14, 2011
まとめ
癌幹細胞は,遠隔の臓器にストロマル・ペリオスティン (POSTN) を誘導することによって,転移性コロニー化を開始します. この細胞外マトリックスタンパク質は,がん幹細胞の維持とWntシグナル伝達に不可欠であり,転移を防ぐための新しい治療標的を強調しています.
科学分野:
- 腫瘍学 腫瘍学
- 癌生物学 癌生物学について
- 細胞外マトリックス生物学 細胞外マトリックス生物学
背景:
- 癌が遠隔の臓器に広がるメタスタシスは,がん関連の死亡の主な原因です.
- 2次部位でのがん細胞の初期生長である転移性コロニゼーションは,転移の非効率で速度を制限するステップです.
- 特定の遠い組織は,多くの癌のタイプにとって一般的な標的であり,組織特異的な要因が転移の成功に影響することを示唆しています.
研究 の 目的:
- 転移性コロニー化におけるがん幹細胞とストロマニッチ信号の役割を調査する.
- 癌細胞が遠隔の臓器に成長を確立することを可能にする重要な分子機構を特定する.
- 転移過程を標的とした新しい治療戦略を探求する.
主な方法:
- 癌の幹細胞集団の分析と,二次腫瘍増殖の開始におけるその役割.
- 腫瘍の微小環境における細胞外マトリックス成分,特にペリオスティン (POSTN) の調査.
- 標的臓器 (例えば肺) の浸透腫瘍細胞とストロマ細胞の相互作用に関する研究.
- 癌幹細胞におけるWnt信号伝達経路の活性化の評価.
主要な成果:
- 癌の幹細胞の少数の集団は,二次部位での転移的コロニー化を開始するために重要である.
- 腫瘍細胞の浸透によって誘発されるストロマル・ペリオスティン (POSTN) 発現は,がん幹細胞の維持と転移の成長に不可欠である.
- ペリオスティン (POSTN) は,Wntリガンドを勧誘することでコロニー化を促進し,がん幹細胞のWntシグナル伝達を強化します.
- 封じ込めペリオスティン (POSTN) 機能は,実験モデルにおける転移を効果的に防ぐ.
結論:
- 腫瘍細胞によって誘発されるストロマ細胞の"教育" (POSTN) は,転移性コロニー化の重要なステップです.
- ペリオスティン (POSTN) は,ストロマとがん幹細胞の間の重要な仲介者として作用し,遠隔部位での生存と増殖を促進します.
- デノボのニッチ形成,特にペリオスティン (POSTN) 媒介シグナリングをターゲットにすることは,転移性疾患と闘うための有望な治療戦略です.
関連する概念動画
Stem Cell Niche
6.6K
The stem cell niche is the dynamic microenvironment where stem cells reside. Inside these niches, the cells may remain undifferentiated, undergo high self-renewal, or become lineage-specific progenitors. Stem cells coexist with other niche cells, such as stromal cells. They also interact closely with the ECM. Cell-cell and cell-matrix communication occur via adhesion molecules or soluble factors that signal the stem cells and determine their fate. Stromal cells also provide survival signals to...
6.6K
Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance
6.3K
Early diagnosis and treatment can often cure cancer. However, even with treatment, residual cells called cancer stem cells (CSC) might remain, often causing tumor recurrence. These cancer stem cells possess the potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and are often responsible for the therapeutic resistance displayed in most cancers.
Cancer stem cells are thought to originate from tissue-specific normal stem cells or progenitor cells. The normal stem cells usually reside in...
Cancer stem cells are thought to originate from tissue-specific normal stem cells or progenitor cells. The normal stem cells usually reside in...
6.3K
Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance
2.3K
No description available
2.3K
Metastasis
6.8K
Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells from the original site to distant locations in the body. Cancer cells can spread via blood vessels (hematogenous) as well as lymph vessels in the body.
Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition or EMT is a developmental process commonly observed in wound healing, embryogenesis, and cancer metastasis. EMT is induced by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) or receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ligands, which further...
Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition or EMT is a developmental process commonly observed in wound healing, embryogenesis, and cancer metastasis. EMT is induced by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) or receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ligands, which further...
6.8K
The Tumor Microenvironment
8.1K
Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
8.1K
Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells
7.4K
Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...
7.4K


