関連する実験動画
Updated: May 26, 2026

06:48
The HoneyComb Paradigm for Research on Collective Human Behavior
Published on: January 19, 2019
無知な個人は,動物集団における民主的なコンセンサスを促進する.
Iain D Couzin1, Christos C Ioannou, Güven Demirel
1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA. icouzin@princeton.edu
まとめ
無知な個人が集団で集まって,過激なマイノリティが集団の決定を操作するのを防ぐ. 彼らの存在は,多数派にコントロールを取り戻し,民主的なコンセンサスを促進します.
科学分野:
- 社会心理学 社会心理学とは
- 行動経済学は,行動経済学である.
- 意思決定科学は意思決定科学である.
背景:
- 集団的意思決定には,しばしば利益の対立があり,費用のかかる失敗のリスクがあります.
- グループは,強固な意見を持つマイノリティによる操作に脆弱である可能性があり,特にメンバーが情報不足または弱い好みを持っている場合です.
研究 の 目的:
- 無知な個人が集団の意思決定のダイナミクスをどのように影響するか調査する.
- 集団選択のシナリオにおいて,無知な個人が過激な少数派による操作を緩和できるかどうかを判断する.
主な方法:
- 異なる条件下でグループダイナミクスを探求するために理論的モデリングを採用しました.
- 少数派の影響と無知参加に関する理論的予測を検証するための実験研究を実施した.
主要な成果:
- 強い意見を持つ少数派は,特定の条件下で集団の選択を実際に指示することができます.
- 知識のない個人の存在は,マイノリティの操作を大幅に抑制し,コントロールを多数派に引き戻す.
結論:
- 無知な個人は,集団内の民主的なコンセンサスを維持する上で重要な役割を果たします.
- 情報不足のメンバーの参加は,グループ意思決定における内部紛争と情報制限を克服するために不可欠です.
関連する概念動画
Groupthink
When in group settings, we are often influenced by the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors around us. Groupthink is another phenomenon of conformity where modification of the opinions of members in a group aligns with what they believe is the group consensus (Janis, 1972). In such situations, the group often takes action that individuals would not perform outside the group setting because groups make more extreme decisions than individuals do. Moreover, groupthink can hinder opposing trains of...
Group Polarization
Group polarization is the strengthening of an original group attitude following the discussion of views within a group (Teger & Pruitt, 1967). That is, if a group initially favors a viewpoint, after discussion the group consensus is likely a stronger endorsement of the viewpoint. Conversely, if the group was initially opposed to a viewpoint, group discussion would likely lead to stronger opposition.
Confirmation Biases
The confirmation bias is the tendency to focus on information that confirms our existing beliefs and ignore information that is inconsistent with our expectations. For example, if you think that your professor is not very nice, you notice all of the instances of rude behavior exhibited by the professor while ignoring the countless pleasant interactions he is involved in on a daily basis. Have you ever fallen prey to the confirmation bias, either as the source or target of such bias?
Conformity
Conformity is the change in a person’s behavior to go along with the group, even if that person does not agree with the group.
In- and Out-Groups
People all belong to a gender, race, age, and social economic group. These groups provide a powerful source of our identity and self-esteem (Tajfel & Turner, 1979) and serve as our in-groups. An in-group is a group that we identify with or see ourselves as belonging to.
Conservation of Small Populations
Small population sizes put a species at extreme risk of extinction due to a lack of variation, and a consequent decrease in adaptability. This weakens the chances of survival under pressures such as climate change, competition from other species, or new diseases. Large populations are more likely to survive pressures such as these, as such populations are more likely to harbor individuals that have genetic variants that are adaptive under new stresses. Small populations are much less likely to...

