キンベルライトの上昇は,同化燃料による浮力によるものです
James K Russell1, Lucy A Porritt, Yan Lavallée
1Volcanology and Petrology Laboratory, Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada. krussell@eos.ubc.ca
Nature
|January 20, 2012
まとめ
キンベルライトのマグマは,カルボナイトのような溶液がマントルのミネラルを同化し,揮発性の溶解を引き起こす新しいメカニズムにより急速に上昇します. このプロセスは,それらの深い起源,高速,そしてダイヤモンドを含む密度の高いキセノリットを運ぶ能力を説明します.
科学分野:
- *地化学と Petrology: 地上深層マグマの起源と上昇機構を調査する.
背景:
- * キンバーライトマグマは極度の深さから発生し,クラトンにのみ存在する.
- * マントルのクセノライトとクセノクリスタ,ダイヤモンドを含む大量の物質を運ぶ.
- *これらの密集したマグマの急速な上昇は,揮発性溶解 (CO2とH2O) に起因するが,そのメカニズムは不明である.
研究 の 目的:
- * キンバーライトマグマの自発的で効率的で継続的な揮発性溶解の原因となるメカニズムを解明する.
- * 密度の高いクセノリットで満たされたキンベルライトの急速で加速した上昇を説明するために.
- * キンバーライトの形成をクレートンマントルの石層プロセスと結びつけるため.
主な方法:
- *高温実験ペトロロジーは,マグマの上昇条件をシミュレートするために使用されました.
- *この研究は,マントルの鉱物と相互作用する炭酸塩のような溶液の振る舞いに焦点を当てました.
主要な成果:
- * キンベルライトの親溶液は,炭酸塩のような溶液として発生します.
- *これらの溶液によるマントル鉱物 (例えば,オルトピロキセン) の同化により,シリカ含有量が増加する.
- * シリカの含有量が増加すると,二酸化炭素の溶解性が劇的に低下し,強力な液体の溶解を引き起こします.
結論:
- * 提案されたメカニズムは,キンバーライトの浮気力と急速な上昇に不可欠な継続的な揮発性溶解を説明する.
- * このプロセスは,キンベルライトによって運ばれる高いキセノリート負荷 (ダイヤモンドを含む) を説明する.
- *この発見は,キンベルライト・マグマティズムは,クラトンマントルの石層内のプロセスと直接結びつけ,その化学的多様性を説明する.
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