皮質のダイネインはマイクロチューブルのダイナミクスを制御し,マイクロチューブルアスターを位置付ける引力を生成します

Liedewij Laan¹, Nenad Pavin, Julien Husson

¹FOM Institute AMOLF, Science Park 104, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Cell

|February 7, 2012

まとめ

皮質ダイネインモーターは微小管の末端を捕捉し,その長さを制御し,力を発生させます. この相互作用はマイクロチューブルアスターを確実に中心に,ダイネインを証明します.

科学分野:

細胞生物学細胞生物学
バイオフィジックス生物物理学
分子モーターは分子モーターです.

背景:

細胞皮質のダイネインモーターは,スパインドルやセンターソームのような細胞構造の位置づけに不可欠です.
皮質のダイネインがマイクロチューブルと相互作用して力を発生させる正確なメカニズムを理解することは,細胞の位置づけプロセスを解明するために不可欠です.

研究の目的:

皮質のダイネインとダイナミックマイクロチューブルとの相互作用を in vitroで調査するために.
この相互作用がどのように力を発生させ,微小管ベースの位置づけに影響を与えるかを決定する.

主な方法:

皮質のダイネインと微小管の相互作用を,マイクロファブリック製の障壁を用いて再構成する.
実験室内実験は,アスター力学の理論的モデリングと組み合わせた.

主要な成果:

壁に付着したダイネインはマイクロチューブルの末端を捕らえ,成長を阻害し,災害を誘発し,マイクロチューブルの長さを調節します.
ダイネインは,縮小する微小管末端に引力を生成する.
ダイネインを媒介する力は,微小管アスターを限られた幾何学の中で信頼性の高い中心に導きます.

結論:

皮質のダイネインと微小管の相互作用は,微小管のダイナミクスを本質的に調節する.
これらの相互作用は,生きている細胞の位置決定プロセスを駆動する能力を持っています.

さらに関連する動画

10:39

Using a Microfluidics Device for Mechanical Stimulation and High Resolution Imaging of C. elegans

Published on: February 19, 2018

10.0K

07:23

A Microfluidic Platform for Stimulating Chondrocytes with Dynamic Compression

Published on: September 13, 2019

6.1K

関連する概念動画

01:32

Microtubule Associated Motor Proteins

Eukaryotic cells have different motor proteins for transporting various cargo within the cell. These motor proteins differ based on the filament they associate with, the direction they move within the cell, and the type of cargo they transport. Motor proteins that associate with microtubules are known as microtubule-associated motor proteins. There are two families of microtubule-associated motor proteins —Kinesins and Dyneins. Both these proteins assist in the transport of cellular cargos...

01:24

Microtubules in Cell Motility

Microtubules are thick hollow cylindrical proteins that help form the cytoskeleton. Microtubules have varied roles in the cell. These filaments help form cellular appendages like cilia and flagella, which are responsible for locomotion. The cilia arise from basal bodies, separated from the main body by a membrane-like structure forming the transition zone. This zone is the gate for the entry of lipids and proteins, creating a unique composition of lipids and proteins in the ciliary membrane and...

02:11

Forces Acting on Chromosomes

During mitosis, chromosome movements occur through the interplay of multiple piconewton level forces. In prometaphase, these forces help in chromosome assembly or congression at the equatorial plane, eventually leading to their alignment at the metaphase plate. The forces acting on the chromosomes are space and time-dependent; therefore, they vary with the position of the chromosomes as the cell progresses through mitosis.
Microtubules and motor proteins exert two types of forces on...

01:39

Anaphase A and B

Microtubules form through the end-to-end polymerization of tubulin heterodimers. Kinetochore microtubules originate from the spindle poles, and their plus-ends connect with the kinetochores on sister-chromatids. Ndc80 protein complexes, present on the kinetochore, form low-affinity links with the plus end of these kinetochore microtubules.
Plus-end depolymerization releases tubulin heterodimers from the terminal region of the microtubule. As tubulin subunits are lost, the Ndc80 complexes detach...

01:05

Mechanism of Ciliary Motion

The ciliary structures were first seen in 1647 by Antonie Leeuwenhoek while observing the protozoans. In lower organisms, these appendages are responsible for cell movement, while in higher organisms, these appendages help in the movement of the extracellular fluids within the body cavities.
The cilia are made up of microtubules in a 9+2 arrangement, with nine microtubule doublet ring bundles, surrounding a pair of central singlet microtubule bundles. The doublet microtubule bundles are...