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関連する概念動画

The Periodic Table and Organismal Elements01:27

The Periodic Table and Organismal Elements

Elements are the smallest units of matter that cannot be broken down further by chemical processes. There are 118 known elements, but not all of these are naturally occurring, and only a few of them are essential for life. Living matter is composed primarily of carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, and oxygen, with smaller amounts of other elements like calcium, phosphorus, potassium, and sulfur. Other elements are also necessary for life but only in trace amounts.
Periodic Table Provides Information...
The Periodic Table and Organismal Elements00:57

The Periodic Table and Organismal Elements

OverviewElements are the smallest units of matter that cannot be broken down further by chemical processes. There are 118 known elements, but not all of these are naturally-occurring, and fewer still are essential for life. Living matter is composed primarily of carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, and oxygen, with smaller amounts of other elements like calcium, phosphorus, potassium, and sulfur. Other elements are also necessary for life but only in trace amounts.The Periodic Table Provides Information...
Toxicity Testing in Animals01:23

Toxicity Testing in Animals

Toxicity tests in animals are grounded on two main assumptions: first, the effects observed in laboratory animals can be extrapolated to humans, especially when adjusted for body surface area; second, high-dose exposure in animals is essential to identify potential human hazards from lower doses. This is based on the quantal dose-response concept, which faces the challenge of extrapolating results from relatively few test animals to much larger human populations. For example, a 0.01% incidence...
Types of Toxins01:36

Types of Toxins

Humans continually engage with an environment rich in potentially harmful chemicals. These are introduced to our bodies through inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact. These chemicals exist in various forms, such as air and environmental pollutants, agricultural chemicals, organic solvents, and heavy metals.
Air pollutants, primarily gases, pose significant threats to respiratory health, leading to conditions like hypoxia, lung cancer, and in extreme cases, death.
Environmental pollutants like...
Minerals01:26

Minerals

Minerals are essential nutrients that the human body needs in small amounts to work properly. They play a vital role in many bodily functions, such as building strong bones and transmitting nerve impulses. Some minerals are needed for hormone production or to maintain a normal heartbeat. Major minerals include calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, sodium, chlorine, and magnesium, while trace minerals include iron, manganese, copper, iodine, zinc, cobalt, fluoride, and selenium.
Mutagenicity and Carcinogenicity01:25

Mutagenicity and Carcinogenicity

Mutagenicity and carcinogenicity refer to the ability of drugs to cause genetic defects and induce cancer, respectively. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classifies agents into four groups based on their carcinogenic potential. Group 1 agents are known human carcinogens; group 2A agents are probably carcinogenic to humans; group 3 agents lack data to support their role in carcinogenesis; and group 4 includes agents for which data support that they are not likely to be...

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関連する実験動画

Updated: May 24, 2026

Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Based Developmental Toxicity Assays for Chemical Safety Screening and Systems Biology Data Generation
17:28

Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Based Developmental Toxicity Assays for Chemical Safety Screening and Systems Biology Data Generation

Published on: June 17, 2015

セレニウムと人間の健康

Margaret P Rayman1

  • 1Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK. m.rayman@surrey.ac.uk

Lancet (London, England)
|March 3, 2012
PubMed
まとめ

セレニウムは,免疫,生殖,甲状腺機能に影響を及ぼし,健康に不可欠です. しかし,サプリメントは適切なセレニウム濃度を持つ人に害を及ぼし,U形状の健康上の恩恵を強調する可能性があります.

科学分野:

  • バイオケミストリー バイオケミストリー
  • 人体健康 人体健康 人体健康
  • 栄養科学とは,栄養科学である.

背景:

  • セレニウムはセレノプロテインに不可欠であり,抗酸化剤,抗炎症剤,甲状腺ホルモン産生に影響を与えます.
  • 最近の発見は,セレノプロテインの遺伝子ポリモルフィズムと疾患を結びつけ,セレニウムの健康上の重要性を強調しています.
  • 低セレニウム状態は,死亡率の増加,免疫機能低下,認知機能低下と関連しています.

研究 の 目的:

  • セレニウムのプレオトロピク効果と,さまざまな健康上の結果におけるセレニウムの役割をレビューする.
  • セレニウム状態と,がんや糖尿病を含む慢性疾患のリスクとの関連を調べる.
  • セレニウム状態と健康上の利益または有害な影響の間のU形の関係を解明する.

主な方法:

  • セレニウムの生化学的機能に関する研究の文献レビュー.
  • セレニウム状態と疾患リスクとを関連付ける疫学データの分析.
  • セレニウムサプリメントに関する臨床試験の結果の評価.

主要な成果:

  • 適切なセレニウム状態は,免疫機能,生殖,甲状腺の健康に不可欠であり,抗ウイルス効果が潜在しています.
  • セレニウム濃度の上昇は,ある種の癌のリスクを低下させる可能性があるが,試験結果は異なっている.

さらに関連する動画

Comprehensive Assessment of Germline Chemical Toxicity Using the Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans
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Comprehensive Assessment of Germline Chemical Toxicity Using the Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans

Published on: February 22, 2015

High Content Screening Analysis to Evaluate the Toxicological Effects of Harmful and Potentially Harmful Constituents (HPHC)
11:38

High Content Screening Analysis to Evaluate the Toxicological Effects of Harmful and Potentially Harmful Constituents (HPHC)

Published on: May 10, 2016

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: May 24, 2026

Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Based Developmental Toxicity Assays for Chemical Safety Screening and Systems Biology Data Generation
17:28

Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Based Developmental Toxicity Assays for Chemical Safety Screening and Systems Biology Data Generation

Published on: June 17, 2015

Comprehensive Assessment of Germline Chemical Toxicity Using the Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans
10:55

Comprehensive Assessment of Germline Chemical Toxicity Using the Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans

Published on: February 22, 2015

High Content Screening Analysis to Evaluate the Toxicological Effects of Harmful and Potentially Harmful Constituents (HPHC)
11:38

High Content Screening Analysis to Evaluate the Toxicological Effects of Harmful and Potentially Harmful Constituents (HPHC)

Published on: May 10, 2016

  • 十分な摂取量のセレニウムサプリメントは,2型糖尿病のリスクを増やす可能性があります.

    • 結論:

    • セレニウムの健康への影響は,補給よりもステータスを強調するU形ドーゼレスポンス曲線を示しています.
    • 適切なレベルのセレニウムまたは高いレベルの個人は,潜在的な有害な影響のためにサプリメントを避けるべきです.
    • 理想的なセレニウム状態を維持することが鍵であり,補給は文書化されている欠乏症のある人だけに有益である.