充電されたコロイド性血小板のサスペンションで形成されたリオトロプスメクティックB相
Dzina Kleshchanok1, Peter Holmqvist, Janne-Mieke Meijer
1Van't Hoff Laboratory, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, The Netherlands. D.Kleshchanok@uu.nl
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|March 8, 2012
まとめ
研究者らは,ジメチル硫酸化物 (DMSO) の内部にある,電荷を持つコロイド性ギブサイト血小板に新しいスメクティックB (Sm(B)) 段階を観察した. この液体結晶相形成は,極性アプロティック溶媒における強化された静電排斥に起因する.
科学分野:
- コロイド科学とは,コロイドの科学である.
- マテリアルサイエンス 材料科学
- 液体結晶は,液体結晶のように見えます.
背景:
- コロイド系は,高度な材料に対して調節可能な特性を提供します.
- 液晶相を理解することは,材料設計において極めて重要です.
- ギブサイト血小板は,コロイドの行動を研究するためのモデルシステムです.
研究 の 目的:
- 充電されたコロイド性ギブサイト血小板におけるスメクティックB (Sm(B)) 段階の最初の観察を報告する.
- 極性アプロティック溶媒における静電抵抗が相形成における役割を調査する.
- 観測されたSm(B) 段階の構造と順序を特徴づける.
主な方法:
- ディメチル硫酸化物 (DMSO) で充電されたコロイド性ギブサイト血小板のサスペンション.
- DMSOの特性を活用して,遠距離の静電クーロン反発を強化する.
- 構造分析のための高解像度X線散射実験.
主要な成果:
- このシステムでスメクティックB (Sm(B)) 液晶相が初めて観測されました.
- Sm (B) 段階内の六角的に並べられた粒子の証拠.
- X線散射は,Sm (B) 段階内の高度の順序化を確認しています.
結論:
- DMSOにおける遠距離静電反発は,Sm (B) 段階の形成に起因する.
- 観測されたSm(B) 段階は,重要な構造的秩序を示しています.
- この発見は,コロイド系における液体結晶性の理解を広げている.
関連する概念動画
01:29The Colloidal State
The formation of a colloidal system is exemplified by an aqueous solution containing Cl− ions is introduced to another containing Ag+ ions, resulting in the precipitation of solid AgCl as extremely tiny crystals. Instead of settling out as a filterable precipitate, these crystals remain suspended in the liquid, showcasing a colloidal system.A colloidal system involves colloidal particles within the approximate range of 1 to 1000 nm in at least one dimension, dispersed in a medium called the...
01:17Colloids and Suspensions
Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles visible to the naked eye or seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. The suspended particles in a suspension settle out after some time of mixing. The separation of particles from a suspension is...
01:09Colloidal precipitates
The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...
03:22Colloids
Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles that are visible to the naked eye or can be seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. On the other hand, a solution is a homogeneous mixture in which no settling occurs and in which the dissolved...
01:19Fluid Mosaic Model
Scientists identified the plasma membrane in the 1890s and its principal chemical components (lipids and proteins) by 1915. The model for plasma membrane structure, proposed in 1935 by Hugh Davson and James Danielli, was the first model to be widely accepted in the scientific community. The model was based on the plasma membrane's "railroad track" appearance in early electron micrographs. Davson and Danielli theorized that the plasma membrane's structure resembled a sandwich with the analogy of...
01:34The Fluid Mosaic Model
The fluid mosaic model was first proposed as a visual representation of research observations. The model comprises the composition and dynamics of membranes and serves as a foundation for future membrane-related studies. The model depicts the structure of the plasma membrane with a variety of components, which include phospholipids, proteins, and carbohydrates. These integral molecules are loosely bound, defining the cell’s border and providing fluidity for optimal function.