Jove
Visualize
お問い合わせ
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
JoVEについて
概要リーダーシップブログJoVEヘルプセンター
著者向け
出版プロセス編集委員会範囲と方針査読よくある質問投稿
図書館員向け
推薦の声購読アクセスリソース図書館諮問委員会よくある質問
研究
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of Experimentsアーカイブ
教育
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab Manual教員リソースセンター教員サイト
利用規約
プライバシーポリシー
ポリシー

関連する概念動画

Nucleosome Remodeling02:54

Nucleosome Remodeling

Nucleosomes are the basic units of chromatin compaction. Each nucleosome consists of the DNA bound tightly around a histone core, which makes the DNA inaccessible to DNA binding proteins such as DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase. Hence, the fundamental problem is to ensure access to DNA when appropriate, despite the compact and protective chromatin structure.
Nucleosome remodeling complex
Eukaryotic cells have specialized enzymes called ATP-dependent nucleosome remodeling enzymes. These enzymes...
Spontaneous and Induced Mutations01:30

Spontaneous and Induced Mutations

Spontaneous mutations arise infrequently during DNA replication due to errors in the process. A key factor behind these errors is tautomeric shifts in nitrogenous bases, where bases transition from keto to enol forms or amino to imino forms. This shift can alter base-pairing rules, leading to mutations. Additionally, reactive oxygen species (ROS) arising from aerobic metabolism can damage DNA, resulting in depurination (loss of a purine base) or depyrimidination (loss of a pyrimidine base).
Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
Epigenetic Regulation01:46

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing02:41

Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing

In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
The chromatin structure, especially...
Nucleotide Excision Repair01:38

Nucleotide Excision Repair

DNA Distortion and Damage
Cells are regularly exposed to mutagens—factors in the environment that can damage DNA and generate mutations. UV radiation is one of the most common mutagens and is estimated to introduce a significant number of changes in DNA. These include bends or kinks in the structure, which can block DNA replication or transcription. If these errors are not fixed, the damage can cause mutations, which in turn can result in cancer or disease depending on which sequences are...

こちらも読む

関連記事

共著者、ジャーナル、引用グラフによってこの研究に関連する記事。

並び替え
Same author

Analysis of the current situation and influencing factors of dyslipidemia among adults in Guangzhou based on a cross-sectional survey.

Medicine·2026
Same author

AXL enhances the self-renewal of cancer stem-like cells and Osimertinib chemoresistance by regulating SCD1 in non-small cell lung cancer.

Biochemical pharmacology·2025
Same author

METTL3-mediated m6A RNA methylation was involved in aluminum-induced neurotoxicity.

Ecotoxicology and environmental safety·2023
Same author

Metabolomic analyses reveal new stage-specific features of COVID-19.

The European respiratory journal·2021
Same author

Identification and validation of predictive factors for progression to severe COVID-19 pneumonia by proteomics.

Signal transduction and targeted therapy·2020
Same author

Machine Learning Algorithms Identify Pathogen-Specific Biomarkers of Clinical and Metabolomic Characteristics in Septic Patients with Bacterial Infections.

BioMed research international·2020

関連する実験動画

Updated: May 24, 2026

A Deep-sequencing-assisted, Spontaneous Suppressor Screen in the Fission Yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe
07:55

A Deep-sequencing-assisted, Spontaneous Suppressor Screen in the Fission Yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe

Published on: March 7, 2019

核細胞は自発的な基底変異を抑制し,特に真核生物の基底変異を抑制する.

Xiaoshu Chen1, Zhidong Chen, Han Chen

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Bio-control, College of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|March 10, 2012
PubMed
まとめ

核細胞は,サイトシン除去を抑制することによって,自発的なDNA変異,特にC→T変異を大幅に減少させます. この発見は,ゲノム進化と疾患における突然変異の起源に関する私たちの理解に影響を与えます.

さらに関連する動画

In Situ Nucleosome Assembly for Single-Molecule Correlative Force and Fluorescence Microscopy
05:58

In Situ Nucleosome Assembly for Single-Molecule Correlative Force and Fluorescence Microscopy

Published on: September 6, 2024

Studying Ribonucleotide Incorporation: Strand-specific Detection of Ribonucleotides in the Yeast Genome and Measuring Ribonucleotide-induced Mutagenesis
09:04

Studying Ribonucleotide Incorporation: Strand-specific Detection of Ribonucleotides in the Yeast Genome and Measuring Ribonucleotide-induced Mutagenesis

Published on: July 26, 2018

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: May 24, 2026

A Deep-sequencing-assisted, Spontaneous Suppressor Screen in the Fission Yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe
07:55

A Deep-sequencing-assisted, Spontaneous Suppressor Screen in the Fission Yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe

Published on: March 7, 2019

In Situ Nucleosome Assembly for Single-Molecule Correlative Force and Fluorescence Microscopy
05:58

In Situ Nucleosome Assembly for Single-Molecule Correlative Force and Fluorescence Microscopy

Published on: September 6, 2024

Studying Ribonucleotide Incorporation: Strand-specific Detection of Ribonucleotides in the Yeast Genome and Measuring Ribonucleotide-induced Mutagenesis
09:04

Studying Ribonucleotide Incorporation: Strand-specific Detection of Ribonucleotides in the Yeast Genome and Measuring Ribonucleotide-induced Mutagenesis

Published on: July 26, 2018

科学分野:

  • 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
  • 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
  • ゲノミクスゲノミクスとは

背景:

  • 自発的な突然変異はゲノム進化に不可欠ですが,その起源は完全に理解されていません.
  • DNAの構造,特に核細胞に包装されている構造が,突然変異率に影響を及ぼすと推測されています.

研究 の 目的:

  • DNAの組成と構造,特にヌクレオソームの占有率が,真核生物ゲノムにおける自発的な変異率にどのように影響するかを調査する.
  • C→T,G→T,A→Tなどの特定の変異型に対する核細胞の影響を定量化する.

主な方法:

  • 比較ゲノム解析は,異なるゲノム領域における変異パターンを比較するために使用されました.
  • 制御された条件下で突然変異率を直接測定するために,突然変異蓄積実験が行われました.

主要な成果:

  • ヌクレオソームの占有は,サイトシン除染をほぼ排除し,ヌクレオソームDNAのC→T変異率を約50%低下させることが判明しました.
  • また,核細胞は,G→TとA→T変異の割合を約2倍抑制しました.

結論:

  • 核細胞に依存する変異スペクトルは,真核生物のゲノム構造と進化を形作る上で重要な役割を果たします.
  • これらの発見は,がんなどの疾患や誘発性多能幹細胞における突然変異の起源を理解するための意味を持つ.