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関連する概念動画

Telomeres and Telomerase02:41

Telomeres and Telomerase

In eukaryotic DNA replication, a single-stranded DNA fragment remains at the end of a chromosome after the removal of the final primer. This section of DNA cannot be replicated in the same manner as the rest of the strand because there is no 3’ end to which the newly synthesized DNA can attach. This non-replicated fragment results in gradual loss of the chromosomal DNA during each cell duplication. Additionally, it can induce a DNA damage response by enzymes that recognize single-stranded DNA.
Telomeres and Telomerase02:41

Telomeres and Telomerase

In eukaryotic DNA replication, a single-stranded DNA fragment remains at the end of a chromosome after the removal of the final primer. This section of DNA cannot be replicated in the same manner as the rest of the strand because there is no 3’ end to which the newly synthesized DNA can attach. This non-replicated fragment results in gradual loss of the chromosomal DNA during each cell duplication. Additionally, it can induce a DNA damage response by enzymes that recognize single-stranded DNA.
Bacterial Transcription01:53

Bacterial Transcription

RNA polymerase (RNAP) carries out DNA-dependent RNA synthesis in both bacteria and eukaryotes. Bacteria do not have a membrane-bound nucleus. So, transcription and translation occur simultaneously, on the same DNA template.
Transcription can be divided into three main stages, each involving distinct DNA sequences to guide the polymerase. These are:
The Replisome03:01

The Replisome

DNA replication is carried out by a large complex of proteins that act in a coordinated matter to achieve high-fidelity DNA replication. Together this complex is known as the DNA replication machinery or the replisome.
The synthesis of the leading and lagging strands is a highly coordinated process. To explain this, the “Trombone model” was proposed by Bruce Alberts in 1980. The DNA loop formation starts when a primer is synthesized on the parent lagging strand. The loop grows with the...
Translesion DNA Polymerases02:10

Translesion DNA Polymerases

Translesion (TLS) polymerases rescue stalled DNA polymerases at sites of damaged bases by replacing the replicative polymerase and installing a nucleotide across the damaged site. Doing so, TLS allows additional time for the cell to repair the damage before resuming regular DNA replication.
TLS polymerases are found in all three domains of life - archaea, bacteria, and eukaryotes. Of the different classes of TLS polymerases, members of the Y family are fitted with specialized structures that...
LTR Retrotransposons03:08

LTR Retrotransposons

LTR retrotransposons are class I transposable elements with long terminal repeats flanking an internal coding region. These elements are less abundant in mammals compared to other class I transposable elements. About 8 percent of human genomic DNA comprises LTR retrotransposons. Some of the common examples of LTR retrotransposons are Ty elements in yeast and Copia elements in Drosophila.
The internal coding region of LTR retrotransposons and their mechanism of transposition closely resembles a...

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関連する実験動画

Updated: May 23, 2026

Semi-quantitative Detection of RNA-dependent RNA Polymerase Activity of Human Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase Protein
08:26

Semi-quantitative Detection of RNA-dependent RNA Polymerase Activity of Human Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase Protein

Published on: June 12, 2018

テロメラーゼRNAバイオゲネシスには,SmおよびLsm複合体による連続結合が含まれます.

Wen Tang1, Ram Kannan, Marco Blanchette

  • 1Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Kansas City, Missouri 64110, USA.

Nature
|March 27, 2012
PubMed
まとめ

SmおよびLsmタンパク質は,分裂酵母テロメラーゼRNA (TER1) に順次結合し,その成熟を誘導する. このプロセスには,スプライセソームの分裂,5'-キャップのTgs1によるハイパーメチル化,およびテロメラーゼ生物生成に不可欠な3'-エンドの保護が含まれています.

科学分野:

  • 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
  • バイオケミストリー バイオケミストリー
  • 遺伝学 遺伝学とは

背景:

  • テロメラーゼは,細胞の安定性にとって不可欠なエウカリオットにおけるDNAの損失を逆転させます.
  • テロメラーゼの調節障害は,がんや退行性疾患と関連しています.
  • テロメラーゼの生体生成を理解することは,治療的介入の鍵です.

研究 の 目的:

  • 分裂酵母テロメラーゼRNA (TER1) バイオゲネシスにおけるSmとLSMタンパク質の連続的な役割を解明する.
  • TER1処理におけるスピライソソーム,Tgs1メチラゼ,Sm/Lsm複合体の関与を特徴づける.

主な方法:

  • TER1前駆体とのSmとLsm2-8複合体の関連性を調査した.
  • 統合体分裂と5カプセルハイパーメチル化を分析した.
  • 成熟したTER1.1を保護する上でこれらの複合体の役割を評価した.

主要な成果:

  • SmリングとLsm2-8複合体のTER1.1への連続結合が実証されました.
  • Sm結合は,スプライソソーム分裂とTgs1媒介の超メチル化を刺激する.
  • 確認されたLsm2-8複合体は,触媒サブユニット結合と3端の保護を促進します.

さらに関連する動画

Single-step Purification of Macromolecular Complexes Using RNA Attached to Biotin and a Photo-cleavable Linker
08:12

Single-step Purification of Macromolecular Complexes Using RNA Attached to Biotin and a Photo-cleavable Linker

Published on: January 3, 2019

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: May 23, 2026

Semi-quantitative Detection of RNA-dependent RNA Polymerase Activity of Human Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase Protein
08:26

Semi-quantitative Detection of RNA-dependent RNA Polymerase Activity of Human Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase Protein

Published on: June 12, 2018

Single-step Purification of Macromolecular Complexes Using RNA Attached to Biotin and a Photo-cleavable Linker
08:12

Single-step Purification of Macromolecular Complexes Using RNA Attached to Biotin and a Photo-cleavable Linker

Published on: January 3, 2019

結論:

  • 分裂酵母におけるテロメラーゼ生物生成のステップ・バイ・ステッププロセスを定義した.
  • TER1成熟におけるSm,Lsm複合体,Tgs1の新たな役割の特徴を明らかにした.
  • テロメラーゼRNA処理の調節に関する洞察を提供した.