コンドリート型地球に対する証拠
Ian H Campbell1, Hugh St C O'Neill
1Research School of Earth Science, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 0200, Australia. Ian.Campbell@anu.edu.au
Nature
|March 31, 2012
まとめ
地球のネオジムイソトープ比は太陽の値を超えており,コンドリート型地球モデルに挑戦しています. これは,非コンドリート形成物質か,衝突侵食による物質損失のいずれかを示唆しています.
科学分野:
- 地質化学 地質化学
- 惑星科学は惑星科学である.
- イソトープ地球化学 イソトープ地球化学
背景:
- "コンドリート型地球"モデルは,地球のシリケート成分がコンドリート型隕石を反映していると仮定しています.
- 陸上の (142) Nd / (144) Nd の比率は太陽 (コンドリート) の比率よりも高く,地化学的なパラドックスを生み出します.
- 提案された解決策である,互換性のない元素で濃縮された深いマントルの層は,マントルの羽根熱流と衝突する.
研究 の 目的:
- 地球のネオジミウム同位体比と太陽/コンドリート値の間の不一致を調査するために.
- 地球の形成と組成に関する既存のモデルを評価する.
- 地化学のパラドックスの代替説明を提案する.
主な方法:
- 地球の物質におけるネオジムイソトープ比率 ((142) Nd/ ((144) Nd) の分析.
- 地上隕石とコンドリート隕石の同位体組成の比較.
- 惑星の形成と進化の熱力学および地質学的モデリング.
主要な成果:
- 地球の (142) Nd / (144) Nd比は,推論された太陽比よりも明らかに大きい.
- "隠れた層"の仮説は,観測されたマントルの羽根の特徴と矛盾しています.
- このデータは,地球の非コンドリティックな初期組成か,形成過程で重大な物質の喪失を裏付けている.
結論:
- "コンドリート地球"という基本的仮定は間違っているかもしれない.
- 非コンドリティック増殖または衝突侵食を含む代替形成シナリオは好ましい.
- 地球の大体構成と初期の歴史に関する理解を改訂することが必要である.
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