Fat/Dachsous/Four-jointed planar cell polarity pathwayによる形態変異の機械的制御について 脂肪/ダックサウス/四連結の平面細胞の極性経路による形態変異の機械的制御について
Floris Bosveld1, Isabelle Bonnet, Boris Guirao
1Polarity, Division and Morphogenesis Team, Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 3215, INSERM U934, 26 Rue d'Ulm, 75248 Paris Cedex 05, France.
まとめ
Fat/Dachsous/Four-jointed planar cell polarity pathwayは,DachsousやDachsのようなタンパク質を極化することによって,組織の形状を導き,その方向性を決定する. これは,ドロソフィラの発達中に指向した細胞の再編成と組織収縮につながります.
科学分野:
- 発達生物学 発達生物学について
- 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
- バイオフィジックス 生物物理学
背景:
- 平面細胞極性 (PCP) 経路は,集団細胞の行動を調整し,動物の発達中の組織を形作る上で極めて重要です.
- PCP経路が細胞力学と組織形態変異を調節する分子メカニズムを理解することは不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- ドロソフィラの背の胸部における上皮質形態変異におけるFat/Dachsous/Four-jointed PCP経路の役割を特徴づけること.
- このPCP経路が組織の形状を調整された細胞行動と機械的性質の調節を通してどのように制御するかを解明する.
主な方法:
- ドロソフィラのエピテリアモルフォゲネシスのマルチスケールイメージング.
- 物理モデリングと組み合わせた定量的な画像分析.
- タンパク質の二極化 (ダッソス,ダッハス) と結合張力アニソトロピーの特徴.
主要な成果:
- プロトカデリンダックソウスは,その組織全体の発現グラデント領域内で偏化しています.
- ダックソウスはミオシンダックスを二極化し,結合張りのアニソトロピーを誘導する.
- 張力アニソトロピーは,主に指向した細胞の再編成を通じて,局所的な組織収縮パターンを決定する.
結論:
- FAT/Dachsous/Four-jointed PCP経路は,ドロソフィラ背部の胸部形態変異の主要な調節体である.
- 組織の平面偏振は,組織の形成を制御するために,細胞の機械的性質の局所的な変化を調整します.
- この研究は,PCPシグナル伝達,細胞力学,組織形態変異の間のリンクを確立しています.
関連する概念動画
Morphogenesis
Plant morphogenesis—the development of a plant’s form and structure—involves several overlapping developmental processes, including growth and cell differentiation. Precursor cells differentiate into specific cell types, which are organized into the tissues and organ systems that make up the functional plant.
Mechanism of Lamellipodia Formation
Cells migrating in response to external stimuli form lamellipodia, which are thin membrane protrusions supported by a mesh of linked, branched, or unbranched actin filaments. These actin filaments interact with myosin motor proteins, creating the dynamic actomyosin complex within the cytoskeleton. Contractility, or the ability to generate contractile stress, is inherent to the actomyosin complex. It helps cells detect the stiffness of the surrounding ECM and exert contractile force for...
Non-Canonical Wnt Signaling Pathways
Wnt is a zygotic effect gene that is expressed during very early embryonic development. It regulates various processes in animals starting from early development through the adult stage, such as organogenesis in the embryo and maintenance of neuronal and blood stem cells. Wnt proteins can induce a wide variety of intracellular pathways depending upon the specific abilities of different Wnt ligands to form a complex with shared and cognate receptors in the presence of different co-receptors. The...
Determining the Plane of Cell Division
Positioning the cell division plane is a critical step during development and cell differentiation, particularly during mitosis when the plane is essential for determining the size of the two daughter cells. The cell division plane is perpendicular to the plane of chromosome segregation, but different types of organisms have different cell division mechanisms to suit their morphology and function.
Animal cells
In animal cells, the cleavage furrow forms along the plane of cell division starting...
Animal cells
In animal cells, the cleavage furrow forms along the plane of cell division starting...
Cell Polarization by Rho Proteins
Cell polarity is the asymmetric distribution of cellular and membrane components, making one side of the cell different from the other. This polarity is essential to many processes such as embryogenesis, axon migration, glucose transport across epithelial cells, and directional cell migration. A migrating cell responds to intracellular or extracellular signals via molecular cascades that reorganize the actin cytoskeleton to establish this polarity. In these cells, the Rho family proteins Cdc42,...
Mechanism of Filopodia Formation
Filopodia are thin, actin-rich cellular protrusions that play an important role in many fundamental cellular functions. They vary in their occurrence, length, and positioning in different cell types, suggesting their diverse roles.
Their main function is to guide migrating cells during normal tissue morphogenesis or cancer metastasis by recognizing and making initial contacts with the extracellular matrix. However, they can also act as stationary cell anchors or help to establish communication...
Their main function is to guide migrating cells during normal tissue morphogenesis or cancer metastasis by recognizing and making initial contacts with the extracellular matrix. However, they can also act as stationary cell anchors or help to establish communication...


