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青春期と健康の社会的決定因子
Russell M Viner1, Elizabeth M Ozer, Simon Denny
1UCL Institute of Child Health, University College London, UK. rviner@ich.ucl.ac.uk
Lancet (London, England)
|April 28, 2012
まとめ
社会的決定要因は,青少年の健康と将来の幸福に大きく影響を与えます. 国家の富や教育へのアクセスなどの構造的要因は,支援する家族や学校とともに,若者の健全な発達に重要な役割を果たします.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- 社会学 社会学 社会学とは
- 発達心理学の心理学について
背景:
- 青少年の健康は,個人,家族,コミュニティ,国家など,複数のレベルで社会的決定因子によって決定的に影響を受けます.
- 青春期に確立された健康と行動は,成人の健康を強く予測し,これらの形成期は人口の健康と経済発展にとって不可欠です.
- 青春期には,思春期や脳の発達を含む,重要な発達変化があり,社会的な領域における行動や移行に影響を与え,社会経済的要因によって形成され,健康格差に寄与します.
研究 の 目的:
- 社会的決定要因が若者の健康に与える影響に関する既存のデータをレビューする.
- 10歳から24歳までの個人の健康に関する国レベルの生態学的分析の結果を提示する.
- 青少年の健康と幸福に影響を与える重要な構造的,社会的要因を特定する.
主な方法:
- 青少年健康の社会的決定因子に関する既存の科学文献のレビュー.
- 10歳から24歳の若者の国レベルのデータを用いた生態学的分析.
- 構造的要因 (国家富,所得格差,教育へのアクセス) と社会的要因 (家族,仲間,学校のサポート) の検討.
主要な成果:
- 国家の富,所得の不平等,教育へのアクセスを含む構造的要因は,青少年の健康を決定する最も重要な世界的な要因です.
- 家族,学校,同級生によって提供される安全で支援的な環境は,青少年の発達と健康に不可欠です.
- 健康の軌道の不平等は,開発の移行が国内の社会経済的要因と相互作用するにつれて浮上する.
結論:
- 世界的に青少年の健康を改善するには,家族,同級生グループ,学校における日常生活経験の向上が必要です.
- 社会的環境におけるリスクと保護要因に対処する人口レベルの介入は不可欠です.
- 教育や雇用へのアクセスを改善し,交通関連の怪我を減らすなど,構造的変化は,青少年の健康状態を改善するための最も効果的な戦略です.
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