感染症は,抗生物質の必要性を低下させるプロ解決媒介体を調節します
Nan Chiang1, Gabrielle Fredman, Fredrik Bäckhed
1Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Nature
|April 28, 2012
まとめ
レゾルビンD5やプロテチンD1のようなプロレスルビングメディエーター (SPM) は,ファゴシトーシスを強化し,炎症を軽減することにより,細菌感染を積極的に解消します. これらのSPMは,細菌のクリアランスと生存を改善するために,抗生物質と作用します.
科学分野:
- 免疫学 免疫学とは
- 微生物学 微生物学とは
- 薬理学 薬理学とは
背景:
- バクテリア感染による炎症解消のメカニズムは十分に理解されていません.
- 特殊なプロリゾルビングメディエーター (SPMs) は,炎症の解消に関与しています.
- 細菌感染症における特定のSPMの役割については,さらなる解明が必要である.
研究 の 目的:
- 細菌感染症の解消におけるSPMの役割を調査する.
- Escherichia coli感染症に関与する特定のSPMを特定するために.
- バクテリアのクリアランスと宿主生存の改善におけるSPMの治療の可能性を決定する.
主な方法:
- ネズミの腹腔内E. coli感染における排尿白血球の密輸とメディエーター-メタボロリピドミクス.
- 炎症促進媒介体およびSPMの時間的識別.
- ヒト中性粒子とマクロファージを用いたインビトロ検査で,ファゴサイトーシスと遺伝子調節を評価する.
- 細菌の位数,低体温,生存,および抗生物質の有効性に対するSPMの影響を評価するインビオ研究.
主要な成果:
- レゾルビン (Rv) D5とプロテチンD1 (PD1) は,自己解消するE. coli感染症における支配的なSPMとして特定されました.
- RvD1とPD1のレベルは,従来型のマウスと比較して,細菌のないマウスで高かった.
- RvD1とRvD5は,バクテリアの増量,低体温,E. coli感染症の生存率の増加を減少させた.
- RvD1,RvD5,PD1はヒト免疫細胞によるE. coliのファゴサイトーシスを強化した.
- RvD5は,炎症性遺伝子 (NF-κB,TNF-α) を逆調節し,GPR32受容体を活性化しました.
- SPMは感染解消を加速し,E. coliとStaphylococcus aureusに対する抗生物質 (シプロフロクサシン,バンコマイシン) の有効性を高めました.
結論:
- 特定のSPMは,細菌感染中に差異的に調節され,解消を積極的に促進します.
- SPMは,抗菌性の特性を有し,細菌の封じ込めを強化し,抗生物質の必要性を軽減します.
- ホスト指向のSPM療法は,細菌感染症の治療結果を改善し,抗生物質治療を補完するために有望です.
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