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関連する概念動画

Physical Properties of Alkanes02:33

Physical Properties of Alkanes

Alkanes are nonpolar molecules due to the presence of only carbon and hydrogen atoms. The electronegativity difference between carbon and hydrogen is minimal, and hence alkanes have a zero dipole moment. This leads to the presence of only dispersion forces between the molecules. The strength of dispersion forces is dependent on the surface area of the molecules on which they act. Since the surface area increases with the molecular length for straight-chain alkanes, the dispersion forces also...
Conformations of Butane02:20

Conformations of Butane

Unlike ethane and propane that have only two major conformations, butane has more than two conformers. The staggered form of butane in which the bulky methyl groups on the two carbons are placed on opposite sides, that is, at a dihedral angle of 180°, is the lowest energy, most stable form — called the anti conformer. This conformation is stabilized due to the absence of steric repulsion between the largely spaced out methyl groups. The other two staggered conformations are degenerate and have...
Constitutional Isomers of Alkanes02:18

Constitutional Isomers of Alkanes

Organic compounds of the same molecular formula can have different structural formulas called constitutional isomers, and the phenomenon is known as constitutional isomerism. Alkanes with four or more carbons showing multiple structures with the same molecular formula thereby exhibit constitutional isomerism.
The linear isomer of an alkane is prefixed by the term “n”; hence a linear isomer of pentane is known as n-pentane. Based on the type of branching, some of the branched isomers are given...
Conformations of Ethane and Propane02:18

Conformations of Ethane and Propane

In an organic molecule, free rotation about the carbon-carbon single bond results in energetically different conformers of the molecule. Due to this rotation, called the internal rotation, ethane has two major conformations — staggered and eclipsed.
Staggered conformation is a low energy and more stable conformation with the C-H bonds on the front carbon placed at 60°dihedral angles relative to the C-H bonds on the back carbon, leading to a reduced torsional strain. In staggered ethane, the...
Comparing Intermolecular Forces: Melting Point, Boiling Point, and Miscibility02:34

Comparing Intermolecular Forces: Melting Point, Boiling Point, and Miscibility

Intermolecular forces are attractive forces that exist between molecules. They dictate several bulk properties, such as melting points, boiling points, and solubilities (miscibilities) of substances. Molar mass, molecular shape, and polarity affect the strength of different intermolecular forces, which influence the magnitude of physical properties across a family of molecules.
Temporary attractive forces like dispersion are present in all molecules, whether they are polar or nonpolar. They...
Mass Spectrometry: Long-Chain Alkane Fragmentation01:18

Mass Spectrometry: Long-Chain Alkane Fragmentation

The molecular ions of linear alkanes prefer to fragment at the carbon-carbon bond away from the end of the chain since the cleavage of an inner bond creates a stable carbocation and a stable radical. Consequently, the mass signals of linear alkanes feature intense peaks in the middle of the mass-to-charge ratio plot with weaker peaks on either end. The fragmentation of each carbon-carbon bond with the release of a methyl group in each splitting leads to prominent peaks in the mass spectra...

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関連する実験動画

Updated: May 22, 2026

High Throughput Single-cell and Multiple-cell Micro-encapsulation
16:19

High Throughput Single-cell and Multiple-cell Micro-encapsulation

Published on: June 15, 2012

アルカンの長さは,封じ込め速度と均衡を決定する.

Wei Jiang1, Dariush Ajami, Julius Rebek

  • 1Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|May 3, 2012
PubMed
まとめ

円筒状のカプセル内のアルケンの封じ込め速度は,鎖の長さに依存し,短いアルケンはより速く入り,より長いアルケンはより安定しています. このシステムは,ゲスト交換と光によって制御可能な分子時計として機能します.

科学分野:

  • 超分子化学 超分子化学
  • 材料科学 材料科学とは
  • 化学動力学 化学動力学

背景:

  • 円筒状のカプセルは分子をカプセル化し,その形状に影響を与えることができます.
  • ゲストとホストの相互作用を理解することは,機能的な材料の設計に不可欠です.
  • アルカンは,閉じ込められた環境の中で拡張された状態や圧縮された状態を採用することができます.

研究 の 目的:

  • 円筒状のカプセル内の直鎖アルケンの封じ込めダイナミクスを調査する.
  • アルカン鎖の長さと封じ込め率と複合体の安定性との関係を決定する.
  • ダイナミックな組み合わせ化学プラットフォームと分子時計としてのこのシステムの可能性を探求する.

主な方法:

  • C,9,C,10およびC,11アルカンの封じ込め率を調査した.
  • ゲストの異動を評価するために,直接競争実験 (ペアワイドおよびマルチコンポーネント) を実施しました.
  • 4,4'-ジメチラゾブンゼンは,放射線を介してシステムの状態を制御する優れたゲストとして利用されました.

主要な成果:

  • カプセル化率は次の順に順番が付けられました:C(9) > C(10) > C(11).
  • 複合的な安定性は逆の順番を示した:C(11) > C(10) > C(9).

さらに関連する動画

On-line Analysis of Nitrogen Containing Compounds in Complex Hydrocarbon Matrixes
07:49

On-line Analysis of Nitrogen Containing Compounds in Complex Hydrocarbon Matrixes

Published on: August 5, 2016

Self-Nanoemulsification of Healthy Oils to Enhance the Solubility of Lipophilic Drugs
08:18

Self-Nanoemulsification of Healthy Oils to Enhance the Solubility of Lipophilic Drugs

Published on: July 27, 2022

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: May 22, 2026

High Throughput Single-cell and Multiple-cell Micro-encapsulation
16:19

High Throughput Single-cell and Multiple-cell Micro-encapsulation

Published on: June 15, 2012

On-line Analysis of Nitrogen Containing Compounds in Complex Hydrocarbon Matrixes
07:49

On-line Analysis of Nitrogen Containing Compounds in Complex Hydrocarbon Matrixes

Published on: August 5, 2016

Self-Nanoemulsification of Healthy Oils to Enhance the Solubility of Lipophilic Drugs
08:18

Self-Nanoemulsification of Healthy Oils to Enhance the Solubility of Lipophilic Drugs

Published on: July 27, 2022

  • 競争実験では,より長いアルケンは,より短いアルケンを連続的に置き換えた.
  • このシステムは自己分類とダイナミックな組み合わせ行動を示し,分子時計として機能した.
  • 時計は,4,4'-ジメチラゾブンゼンと光を用いて,可逆的に停止し,再起動することができる.

    • 結論:

    • 円筒状のカプセルにアルケンの封じ込めは長さに依存し,吸収率と複合体の安定性の両方に影響を与えます.
    • ゲストの移動と時間進化の観測された現象は,制御可能な分子時計を確立します.
    • このシステムは,ダイナミックな組み合わせ化学と分子センシングアプリケーションのための新しいプラットフォームを提供します.