関連する実験動画
Updated: May 9, 2026

10:59
Analysis of Translation Initiation During Stress Conditions by Polysome Profiling
Published on: May 19, 2014
mTORC1媒介によるmRNA翻訳の調節のための統一モデル
Carson C Thoreen1, Lynne Chantranupong, Heather R Keys
1Department of Cancer Biology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, 250 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Nature
|May 4, 2012
まとめ
ラパミシン複合体1 (mTORC1) の哺乳類標的は,5'端オリゴピリミジン (TOP) モチーフを持つメッセンジャーRNA (mRNA) の翻訳を選択的に制御する. この調節は4E結合タンパク質 (4E-BPs) とeIF4G1によって媒介され,細胞成長に影響を与えます.
科学分野:
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
- バイオケミストリー バイオケミストリー
背景:
- ラパマイシン (mTOR) 複合体1 (mTORC1) 経路のメカニズム的標的は,細胞の成長と増殖に極めて重要です.
- mTORC1は,メッセンジャーRNA (mRNA) の翻訳を調節しますが,特定のメカニズムとmRNAの標的は,まだ完全に理解されていません.
- 現存するモデルは,mTORC1が特定のmRNAの翻訳をどのように差別的に制御するかを完全に説明していません.
研究 の 目的:
- mTORC1依存型翻訳制御の基礎となるmRNAの特徴とメカニズムを定義する.
- mTORC1のmRNA翻訳の制御におけるトランスレーションレギュレータの役割を明らかにする.
- mTORC1の翻訳プログラムの規制のための統一モデルを確立する.
主な方法:
- 高解像度トランスクリプトームスケールリボソームプロファイリングは,マウス細胞で採用されました.
- 細胞は,強力なmTORC1阻害剤であるTorin 1で急性治療を受けました.
- 調節されたmRNAの5'端オリゴピリミジン (TOP) とTOPのようなモチーフの識別.
主要な成果:
- mTORC1は,5'-末端オリゴピリミジン (TOP) モチーフまたは以前に認識されなかったTOPのようなモチーフを有するmRNAを選択的に調節する.
- 5' 未翻訳領域の長さや複雑さに基づく規制を支持する証拠は見つかりませんでした.
- 4E結合タンパク質 (4E-BPs) の喪失により,TOPとTOPのようなmRNAの翻訳がmTORC1抑制に抵抗するようになった.
- 4E-BPsは,eIF4E-eIF4G1の相互作用を妨害し,TOP mRNA結合に選択的に影響することにより,翻訳開始を阻害します.
結論:
- mTORC1の翻訳制御は,主にTOPまたはTOPのようなモチーフを持つmRNAを標的とする.
- 翻訳抑制剤の4E-BPファミリーは,TOP mRNA翻訳を調節する際にmTORC1の主要な効果因子です.
- 4E-BPsとeIF4G1の相互作用は,mTORC1によるTOP mRNA翻訳の選択的抑制に不可欠である.
関連する概念動画
Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps
Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
Regulated mRNA Transport
In eukaryotes, transcription and translation are compartmentalized; an mRNA is first synthesized in the nucleus and then selectively transported to the cytoplasm for protein synthesis. Before transport, a pre-mRNA undergoes several steps of post-transcriptional modifications including splicing, 5' capping, and the addition of a poly-adenine tail. Various proteins bind to the pre-mRNA during these modifications. The mRNA transport takes place with the help of multiple proteins playing specific...
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression
The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
The mTOR pathway or the...
Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps
Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression
The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
The mTOR pathway or the...
Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps
The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the addition of a...

