ヘテロクロマチンの凝縮と遺伝子静止のために必要なMORCファミリーのATPAase
Guillaume Moissiard1, Shawn J Cokus, Joshua Cary
1Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California at Los Angeles, Terasaki Life Sciences Building, 610 Charles Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095-723905, USA.
まとめ
アラビドプシスのMORC1およびMORC6遺伝子の変異は,移植可能な要素の表遺伝子遺伝子静止とDNAの繰り返しを妨害する. これらのマイクロルキディア (MORC) ATPasesは,真核生物の遺伝子サイレンシングの保存レギュレータである.
科学分野:
- エピジェネティクス エピジェネティクス
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
背景:
- DNAとヒストンのメチル化は,表遺伝的遺伝子サイレンシングの重要なメカニズムであり,特に転移可能要素 (TEs) と重複性DNAを標的としています.
- マイクロキディア (MORC) タンパク質は,染色体構造に関与する保存されたアデノシントライフォスファターゼ (ATPase) 家族のメンバーです.
- エピジェネティック調節におけるMORCタンパク質の役割を理解することは,遺伝子サイレンシング経路の解読に不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- アラビドプシスのMORC1とMORC6が表遺伝的遺伝子サイレンシングにおける機能を調査する.
- DNAメチル化遺伝子とTEsに対するMORC ATPase活性の影響を決定する.
- ユカリオットの遺伝子サイレンシングにおけるMORC ATPasesの保存された役割を調査する.
主な方法:
- アラビドプシスのatmorc1およびatmorc6変異アレルの分離と特徴付け.
- 変異系におけるDNAメチル化状態と遺伝子/TE発現の分析.
- 環中性ヘテロクロマチン凝縮とゲノム相互作用の評価.
- Caenorhabditis elegansのMORCホモログの機能分析 トランスゲンサイレンシング.
主要な成果:
- AtMORC1とAtMORC6の変異は,グローバルDNAまたはヒストンのメチル化レベルを変えることなく,DNAメチル化遺伝子とTEsの減圧につながります.
- アトモルク1とアトモルク6の突然変異は,ペリコントロメリックヘテロクロマチンの脱凝縮と,地域間のゲノム相互作用の増加を示しています.
- ミュータントの転写欠陥は,主に周心線領域に局限しています.
- C. elegans の MORC ホモログのノックダウンは,トランスゲンシューティングを阻害し,保存された機能を示唆します.
結論:
- アラビドプシスのMORC1およびMORC6アタパーゼは,特にペリコントロメリックヘテロクロマチンのために,表遺伝的遺伝子サイレンシングの重要な調節体です.
- MORC ATPasesは,遺伝子サイレンシングを維持するために染色体上部構造を調節することによって機能する可能性が高い.
- MORC ATPasesは,エウカリオット全体で保存された表遺伝子調節体の家族を表しています.
さらに関連する動画
関連する概念動画
Heterochromatin
The extent of chromatin compaction can be studied by staining chromatin using specific DNA binding dyes. Under the microscope, the dense-compacted regions that take up more dye are called heterochromatin. Heterochromatin is further classified into two forms – constitutive heterochromatin and facultative heterochromatin.
Constitutive heterochromatin: It is a highly compact region of chromatin that is mostly concentrated in the centromere and telomere. Unlike euchromatin, the amino acid at 9th...
Constitutive heterochromatin: It is a highly compact region of chromatin that is mostly concentrated in the centromere and telomere. Unlike euchromatin, the amino acid at 9th...
Heterochromatin
The extent of chromatin compaction can be studied by staining chromatin using specific DNA binding dyes. Under the microscope, the dense-compacted regions that take up more dye are called heterochromatin. Heterochromatin is further classified into two forms – constitutive heterochromatin and facultative heterochromatin.
Constitutive heterochromatin: It is a highly compact region of chromatin that is mostly concentrated in the centromere and telomere. Unlike euchromatin, the amino acid at 9th...
Constitutive heterochromatin: It is a highly compact region of chromatin that is mostly concentrated in the centromere and telomere. Unlike euchromatin, the amino acid at 9th...
Euchromatin
The extent of chromatin compaction can be studied by staining chromatin using specific DNA binding dyes. Under the microscope, the dense-compacted regions take up more dye, appearing darker, while the less-compact areas take up less dye and appear lighter. Based on the compaction level, chromatins are classified into two primary forms – euchromatin and heterochromatin.
Euchromatin is the less dense region of the chromatin and stains lighter. Euchromatin contains histone H3 extensively...
Euchromatin is the less dense region of the chromatin and stains lighter. Euchromatin contains histone H3 extensively...
Euchromatin
The extent of chromatin compaction can be studied by staining chromatin using specific DNA binding dyes. Under the microscope, the dense-compacted regions take up more dye, appearing darker, while the less-compact areas take up less dye and appear lighter. Based on the compaction level, chromatins are classified into two primary forms – euchromatin and heterochromatin.
Euchromatin is the less dense region of the chromatin and stains lighter. Euchromatin contains histone H3 extensively...
Euchromatin is the less dense region of the chromatin and stains lighter. Euchromatin contains histone H3 extensively...
Spreading of Chromatin Modifications
The histone proteins in the nucleosomes are post-translationally modified (PTM) to increase or decrease access to DNA. The commonly observed PTMs are methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination of lysine amino acids in the histone H3 tail region. These histone modifications have specific meaning for the cell. Hence, they are called "histone code". The protein complex involved in histone modification is termed as "reader-writer" complex.
Writers
The writer is an enzyme that can...
Writers
The writer is an enzyme that can...
Condensins
Condensins are large protein complexes that use ATP to fuel the assembly of chromosomes during mitosis. They transform the tangled, shapeless mass of post-interphase DNA into individualized chromosomes by compacting, organizing, and segregating chromosomal DNA.
The plant and animal cells contain two types of condensin complexes—condensin I and condensin II. Both complexes have five subunits: two SMC (Structural Maintenance of Chromosomes) subunits, a kleisin subunit, and two HEAT-repeat...
The plant and animal cells contain two types of condensin complexes—condensin I and condensin II. Both complexes have five subunits: two SMC (Structural Maintenance of Chromosomes) subunits, a kleisin subunit, and two HEAT-repeat...


