幼児死亡率の地球的,地域的,および国家的な原因: 2000年以来のタイムトレンドを伴う2010年の更新された体系的分析
Li Liu1, Hope L Johnson, Simon Cousens
1Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Lancet (London, England)
|May 15, 2012
まとめ
幼児死亡率は2000年から2010年の間に著しく低下し,感染性および新生児による原因が主な要因となっている. 肺炎と早産の合併症は,子供の生存率のさらなる進歩のために,加速された減少を必要とします.
科学分野:
- グローバル・ヘルス グローバル・ヘルス
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
- 小児科は小児科です.
背景:
- 幼児死亡率のデータは,効果的な生存戦略を伝えるために定期的に更新する必要があります.
- この研究では,2010年までの幼児死亡の原因と傾向に関する最新の推定値が提示されています.
研究 の 目的:
- 2010年における幼児死亡原因のグローバルおよび地域的な推定値の更新を図る.
- 2000年から2010年にかけての幼児死亡原因の時間的な傾向を分析する.
- 死亡率の主要な要因を特定することによって,子供の生存戦略を策定する.
主な方法:
- 新生児と1~59ヶ月の子供の最新死亡数に適用された国別死亡分布を利用した.
- バイタル登録データ,多項物流回帰モデル (バイタル登録または口頭解剖データ),インドと中国の国家モデルを使用した.
- 地域的およびグローバルな見積もりを得るために,国レベルでの集約された結果.
主要な成果:
- 2010年,5歳未満の子供の760万人の死亡のうち64%が感染症によるもので,新生児の死亡率は40.3%であった.
- 新生児の主要な原因には,早産合併症 (14.1%) と産内合併症 (9.4%) が含まれていた.
- 肺炎 (14.1%),下痢 (9.9%),マラリア (7.4%) が,より年上の子供の主要な原因でした. 2000年から2010年にかけて,世界の子供の死亡率は200万人減少し,肺炎,麻疹,下痢が最大の原因となっている.
結論:
- 子どもの生存戦略では,感染症および新生児による死亡の原因を優先しなければならない.
- 肺炎と早産の合併症の急速な減少は,2010~2015年の進展にとって極めて重要です.
- 高品質のデータ収集と改善された推定方法は,将来の精度にとって不可欠です.
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