クラトラート水素酸塩のケージの複数のH2占用は,穏やかな条件下で発生します

Hailong Lu¹, Jianwei Wang, Changling Liu

¹Measurement Science and Standards, Division of Emerging Technologies, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. hailong.lu@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca

Journal of the American Chemical Society

|May 17, 2012

まとめ

研究者らは,クラトラート水素ケージに複数の水素分子積載を達成しました. この発見は,水素クラスラートの理解と水素貯蔵アプリケーションのためのその可能性を高めます.

科学分野:

材料科学材料科学とは
化学工学は化学工学というものです.
物理化学物理化学

背景:

クラサート水素は,ゲスト分子を閉じ込める水籠で構成された結晶型固体です.
水素貯蔵は,クリーンエネルギー技術の重要な課題です.
以前の研究では,クラスラート水素で水素の貯蔵を調査したが,成功は限られていた.

研究の目的:

クラトラート水素ケージ内の複数の水素分子占有の可能性を調査する.
効率的な水素貯蔵媒介としての構造IIクラトラート水素の潜在能力を探求する.
特定の熱力学条件下における水素-水素酸塩の相互作用を理解する.

主な方法:

ガス水素 (H2) と窒素 (N2) の水合物と反応する.
243 Kの制御された温度で実験を行いました.
反応中に15MPaの圧力を加える.

主要な成果:

特徴付けにより,複数のH2分子が構造IIクラスラート水素の大小のケージに順調にロードされたことが確認されました.
適度な実験条件下での複数のH2占拠の生存可能性を実証しました.
シングル占拠と比較して,水素の充填能力の強化のための証拠を提供しました.

結論:

クラトラート水素ケージでの複数のH2占用は,適度な条件下で達成可能である.
構造IIクラスラート水素は,効果的な水素貯蔵材料として有望を示しています.
この研究は,クラトラ酸水素とその貯蔵の可能性に関する新しい視点を提供します.

さらに関連する動画

09:46

Protocol for Measuring the Thermal Properties of a Supercooled Synthetic Sand-water-gas-methane Hydrate Sample

Published on: March 21, 2016

12:11

Computation of Atmospheric Concentrations of Molecular Clusters from ab initio Thermochemistry

Published on: April 8, 2020

関連する概念動画

02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...

03:34

Ionic Compounds: Formulas and Nomenclature

An element composed of atoms that readily lose electrons (a metal) can react with an element composed of atoms that readily gain electrons (a nonmetal) to produce ions through complete electron transfer. The compound formed by this transfer is stabilized by the electrostatic attractions (ionic bonds) between the oppositely charged ions.

03:24

Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals I

The mathematical expression known as the wave function, ψ, contains information about each orbital and the wavelike properties of electrons in an isolated atom. When atoms are bound together in a molecule, the wave functions combine to produce new mathematical descriptions that have different shapes. This process of combining the wave functions for atomic orbitals is called hybridization and is mathematically accomplished by the linear combination of atomic orbitals. The new orbitals that...

02:34

Regioselectivity and Stereochemistry of Acid-Catalyzed Hydration

The rate of acid-catalyzed hydration of alkenes depends on the alkene's structure, as the presence of alkyl substituents at the double bond can significantly influence the rate.

01:20

Aldehydes and Ketones with Water: Hydrate Formation

An oxygen-based nucleophile, like water, can undergo addition reactions with aldehydes and ketones. The reaction leads to the formation of hydrates, also referred to as 1,1-diols or geminal diols.
The formation of hydrates is a reversible reaction. Hydrate formation is influenced by steric and electronic factors accompanying the alkyl substituents on the carbonyl group: The rate of hydrate formation increases with a decrease in the number of alkyl groups attached to the carbonyl carbon. Hence,...

01:24

Hydration of Cement

Hydration of cement is a chemical reaction between cement particles and water. This process occurs primarily through two mechanisms: through-solution and topochemical. In the through-solution process, anhydrous compounds dissolve into their constituents, hydrates form in the solution, and then precipitate from the supersaturated solution. The topochemical process involves solid-state reactions at the cement particle surface. The through-solution process dominates the topochemical process at the...

関連する実験動画