人間同士の紛争において,宗教や神聖な義務が不可欠である
1CNRS-Institut Jean Nicod, 29 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France. satran@umich.edu
まとめ
宗教は集団内での信頼を育み,集団外での紛争を助長する. 協力と紛争に不可欠な神聖な価値観は,非合理的な行動を駆り立て,難解な紛争を支えているが,解決の道を提供することができる.
科学分野:
- 進化心理学の心理学について
- 宗教の社会学 宗教の社会学
- 紛争研究 紛争研究
背景:
- 宗教は社会的ダイナミクスに影響を与え,共通の信念や儀式を通して集団内の凝結を促進します.
- 道徳的な神々の出現は,大規模な協力と社会政治的拡大を容易にした.
- 集団のアイデンティティと結びついた神聖な価値観は,合理的な意思決定を優先する道徳的義務として機能します.
研究 の 目的:
- 協力と紛争の両方を促進する宗教の二重の役割を探求する.
- 人間の社会における神聖な価値観の機能を分析する.
- 神聖な価値観が,紛争の交渉と解決にどのように影響するかを理解する.
主な方法:
- 宗教と進化論の概念分析.
- 協力と紛争に関する人類学と歴史的証拠のレビュー.
- 神聖な価値観の根底にある心理的メカニズムの検討.
主要な成果:
- 宗教は集団内での信頼を高めますが,集団外での不信感や対立を高めることもあります.
- 神々をモラライズすることは,大規模な協力と社会政治的変化を可能にしました.
- 神聖な価値観は,世俗的な好みであっても,紛争中に物質的なインセンティブに免疫されます.
結論:
- 神聖な価値観は,社会的連帯と集団間の紛争の両方で,宗教の役割の中心にある.
- これらの価値観は非合理的な行動を誘導し,解決不可能な紛争を持続させます.
- 紛争における彼らの役割にもかかわらず,神聖な価値観は解決のためのユニークな機会を提供することができます.
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