ロルクワールクジラにおける肺の餌を調整する感覚器官の発見
Nicholas D Pyenson1, Jeremy A Goldbogen, A Wayne Vogl
1Department of Paleobiology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, PO Box 37012, Washington, District of Columbia 20013-7013, USA. pyensonn@si.edu
Nature
|May 25, 2012
まとめ
科学者たちは,鯨に新しい感覚器官を発見し,その独特な肺の栄養戦略を調整する上で決定的な役割を果たしました. この機械受容器器は,これらの大型海洋哺乳類が効率的に獲物を飲み込むのに役立ちます.
科学分野:
- マリン・バイオロジー マリン・バイオロジー
- 脊椎動物の解剖学について
- バイオメカニクス バイオメカニクス
背景:
- ロルクアルクジラ (Balaenopteridae) は,大きな量の水と獲物を飲み込むことを含むユニークな脊椎動物の餌戦略である肺の餌を活用します.
- 重要な形態学的特異性は,膨張可能な喉の折りたたみと,から喉までの特徴的な繊維軟骨構造を含む,肺の栄養を容易にしますが,それらの調整はよく理解されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- クジラのの形態学と餌のメカニズムとの機能的な関連性を調査する.
- ロルカルののシンフィシス内の新しく発見された感覚器官を特定し,特徴づけること.
主な方法:
- ホルクワイルカの標本 (胎児および成人) の組織学および解剖学的分析.
- 食事中にと喉の脂肪の動きを理解するための運動学的な研究.
- 新しい感覚器官への血管および神経組織の接続の検査.
主要な成果:
- いくつかのロルクワルの種ののシンフィシスに新しい機械感覚器官を発見した.
- この臓器には,神経末端を持つ乳頭があり,感覚機能を示しています.
- 証拠によると,この臓器は機械的にの回転と喉の脂肪の膨張を結びつけ,の繊維性軟骨構造を通して入力を受けます.
結論:
- 新たに発見された感覚器官は,ロルクワルの進化の新鮮さであり,肺の餌を調整するのに不可欠です.
- この臓器は,のビブリスアとともに,獲物の飲み込みを正確に制御するための重要な感覚フィードバックを提供します.
- この革新は,バレーンクジラの巨大性の進化に重要な役割を果たしました.
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