平面細胞の極性は,ニューラルチューブ閉塞における空間動態の軸を結びつける

Tamako Nishimura¹, Hisao Honda, Masatoshi Takeichi

¹RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, 2-2-3 Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0047, Japan.

Cell

|May 29, 2012

まとめ

平面細胞の極性 (PCP) 信号は,神経管の閉塞プロセスを直接リンクしています. このシグナル伝達経路は,細胞収縮を調節し,適切な神経板の曲げを保証し,先天性欠陥を予防します.

科学分野:

発達生物学発達生物学について
細胞生物学細胞生物学
遺伝学遺伝学とは

背景:

神経管の閉塞は胚形成に不可欠であり,欠陥は重度の出生障害につながる.
完全な神経管閉塞は,調整された収束拡張と神経板の頂上収縮に依存しています.
これらのプロセスを結びつける分子メカニズムは,まだ完全に理解されていません.

研究の目的:

神経管閉塞の調整における平面細胞極性 (PCP) 信号伝達の役割を調査する.
神経板の曲折中にPCPシグナル伝達が収束拡張と頂上収縮をどのように結びつけるかを明らかにする.

主な方法:

免疫ヒストケミストリーは,Celsr1をアデレンス・ジャンクション (AJs) で局所化する.
PCP経路のコンポーネント (Dishevelled, DAAM1, PDZ-RhoGEF) とRhoキナーゼ活性に関する分析.
アクトミオシン依存細胞収縮とその平面的偏極化の評価.

主要な成果:

PCPを調節するカデリンであるCelsr1は,神経板の曲折において,中側方向のAJに局所する.
Celsr1,Dishevelled,DAAM1,PDZ-RhoGEFは,Rhoキナーゼを上調するために協力しています.
この経路は,AJsの平面偏振,アクトミオシン依存の収縮を誘導し,頂点収縮とミドルライン収束を誘導します.

結論:

PCPシグナリングは,収束拡張と頂上収縮を直接接続します.
PCPのシグナリングは,アデレンス結合にアニゾトロプ的収縮性を授与する.
このメカニズムは,偏振神経板の曲折と神経管の閉塞に不可欠な細胞力を生み出します.

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