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関連する概念動画

Properties of Transition Metals02:58

Properties of Transition Metals

Transition metals are defined as those elements that have partially filled d orbitals. As shown in Figure 1, the d-block elements in groups 3–12 are transition elements. The f-block elements, also called inner transition metals (the lanthanides and actinides), also meet this criterion because the d orbital is partially occupied before the f orbitals.
Periodic Classification of the Elements04:00

Periodic Classification of the Elements

The periodic table arranges atoms based on increasing atomic number so that elements with the same chemical properties recur periodically. When their electron configurations are added to the table, a periodic recurrence of similar electron configurations in the outer shells of these elements is observed. Because they are in the outer shells of an atom, valence electrons play the most important role in chemical reactions. The outer electrons have the highest energy of the electrons in an atom...
Nuclear Transmutation03:20

Nuclear Transmutation

Nuclear transmutation is the conversion of one nuclide into another. It can occur by the radioactive decay of a nucleus, or the reaction of a nucleus with another particle. The first manmade nucleus was produced in Ernest Rutherford’s laboratory in 1919 by a transmutation reaction, the bombardment of one type of nuclei with other nuclei or with neutrons. Rutherford bombarded nitrogen-14 atoms with high-speed α particles from a natural radioactive isotope of radium and observed protons being...
Complexometric Titration: Ligands00:43

Complexometric Titration: Ligands

Different monodentate and polydentate ligands are used as complexing agents in complexometric titration reactions. The formation of complexes by mono- and bidentate ligands involves two or more intermediate steps, limiting their use as complexing agents. In comparison, polydentate ligands can form complexes with metal ions in a single-step process, facilitating sharper end points. This means polydentate ligands, such as amino carboxylic acid derivatives, are most commonly employed in...
Colors and Magnetism03:02

Colors and Magnetism

Color in Coordination Complexes
When atoms or molecules absorb light at the proper frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals. For many main group atoms and molecules, the absorbed photons are in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which cannot be detected by the human eye. For coordination compounds, the energy difference between the d orbitals often allows photons in the visible range to be absorbed and emitted, which is seen as colors by the human eye.
Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...

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関連する実験動画

Updated: May 21, 2026

Preparation, Purification, and Characterization of Lanthanide Complexes for Use as Contrast Agents for Magnetic Resonance Imaging
13:21

Preparation, Purification, and Characterization of Lanthanide Complexes for Use as Contrast Agents for Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: July 21, 2011

三価ランタニドとアクチニドを区別する

Matthew J Polinski1, Daniel J Grant, Shuao Wang

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 156 Fitzpatrick Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|May 31, 2012
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

この研究では,新しいランタニドおよびアクチニドボラート化合物を合成し,同等の合成条件にもかかわらず,2つのシリーズ間の異なる構造および電子特性を明らかにしました. 電子構造の計算は局所化されたAn 5f軌道を示し,Puボレートにおけるユニークな結合相互作用を有する.

さらに関連する動画

Application of Elemental Lanthanides in the Selective C-F Activation of Trifluoromethylated Benzofulvenes Providing Access to Various Difluoroalkenes
10:10

Application of Elemental Lanthanides in the Selective C-F Activation of Trifluoromethylated Benzofulvenes Providing Access to Various Difluoroalkenes

Published on: July 28, 2018

Hyperspectral Imaging as a Tool to Study Optical Anisotropy in Lanthanide-Based Molecular Single Crystals
07:24

Hyperspectral Imaging as a Tool to Study Optical Anisotropy in Lanthanide-Based Molecular Single Crystals

Published on: April 14, 2020

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: May 21, 2026

Preparation, Purification, and Characterization of Lanthanide Complexes for Use as Contrast Agents for Magnetic Resonance Imaging
13:21

Preparation, Purification, and Characterization of Lanthanide Complexes for Use as Contrast Agents for Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: July 21, 2011

Application of Elemental Lanthanides in the Selective C-F Activation of Trifluoromethylated Benzofulvenes Providing Access to Various Difluoroalkenes
10:10

Application of Elemental Lanthanides in the Selective C-F Activation of Trifluoromethylated Benzofulvenes Providing Access to Various Difluoroalkenes

Published on: July 28, 2018

Hyperspectral Imaging as a Tool to Study Optical Anisotropy in Lanthanide-Based Molecular Single Crystals
07:24

Hyperspectral Imaging as a Tool to Study Optical Anisotropy in Lanthanide-Based Molecular Single Crystals

Published on: April 14, 2020

科学分野:

  • 無機化学 無機化学とは
  • マテリアルサイエンス 材料科学
  • 固体化学 固体化学

背景:

  • ランタニド (Ln) とアクチニド (An) の元素は,多様な構造を持つ複雑なボラート化合物を形成します.
  • これらの化合物の構造的および電子的性質を理解することは,様々な用途において極めて重要です.

研究 の 目的:

  • 新種のランタニドおよびアクチニドボラート化合物を合成し,特徴づけること.
  • LnとAn boratesの構造的および電子的な違いを調査する.
  • これらのボラートにおけるAn 5fと6d軌道の結合特性を解明する.

主な方法:

  • LnCl3とAnCl3が溶けたボリック酸と反応する.
  • 構造的決定のためのX線 difraktion.
  • マルチレファレンスCASSCFとDFTを用いた電子構造計算.
  • 自然結合軌道と自然集団の分析.

主要な成果:

  • 様々なLn[B4]O6[OH]2Cl,Ln4[B8]O25[OH]13[Cl3],Ln[B6]O9[OH]3[Pu[B4]O6[OH]2Cl],Pu2[B3]O19[OH]5[Cl2][H2O]3,Am[B9]O13[OH]4[H2O,Cm2[B14]O20[OH]7[H2O]2Cl]化合物の形成がされている.
  • 化合物は,Ln3+ と An3+ 陽子に対して,異なる座標幾何学 (9 座標と 10 座標) を有する 3D ネットワーク構造を示している.
  • 電子構造の計算により,局所化されたAn 5f軌道が明らかになり,Pu 6p軌道がPuボラートで,O 2pがAm/CmボラートでAn 6dに移動する.
  • Puボラートは,AmとCmボラートと比較して,より大きな5f占有率とユニークなAn6d軌道関与を示しています.

結論:

  • ランタニドとアクチニドボラート系は,同一の合成にもかかわらず,非並列の構造的および電子的行動を示す.
  • 5f軌道は局所的で,結合にはほとんど関わらない.
  • Pu 6p,O 2p,An 6d軌道を含む明確な電子相互作用が観察され,Pu,Am,Cmボラートにおけるユニークな結合を強調しています.