調節性DNAの比喩的エピジェノミック・アノテーション
Shu Xiao1, Dan Xie, Xiaoyi Cao
1Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801, USA.
Cell
|June 12, 2012
まとめ
比較エピジェノミクスは,生物種間のDNAとヒストンの改変を比較して,ゲノムを調節する要素を特定します. このアプローチは,シーケンス分析だけで発見できない保存された規制特性を明らかにします.
科学分野:
- ゲノミクスゲノミクスとは
- エピジェネティクス エピジェネティクス
- 進化生物学の進化生物学について
背景:
- 規制性DNA配列の機能的アノテーションは,膨大なゲノムデータにもかかわらず,挑戦的です.
- 制御要素を理解することは,遺伝子発現と細胞機能の解読に不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 規制性ゲノムを注釈する方法として比較エピジェノミクスを導入し,検証する.
- 規制要素の発見のために,種間の保存されたエピジェノミックパターンを識別する.
主な方法:
- DNAとヒストンの改変の種間比較を含む比較エピジェノミクス.
- サイトシンメチル化,ヒストンマーク (H2A.Z,H3K4me1/2/3,H3K9me3,H3K27me3,H3K27ac,H3K36me3),RNA,およびヒト,マウス,豚の幹細胞における転写因子結合のゲノム分布分析.
- エピジェノミックとトランスクリプトミックの進化的変化の相関分析.
主要な成果:
- エピジェノミック保存は,急速に進化するDNA配列とゆっくり進化するDNA配列で観察されたが,中性的に進化するDNA配列では観察されなかった.
- エピゲノムとトランスクリプトームにおける進化的変化の間の線形相関が発見されました.
- エピジェノミックマークの保存されたコロカライゼーションは,胚性幹細胞の微分化中に7つのペアが調節機能を示し,調節配列を成功裏に特定しました.
結論:
- 比較エピジェノミクスは,ゲノムを調節する特性を発見するための強力なアプローチです.
- 保存されたエピジェノミックパターンは,配列の比較を超えて,ゲノム調節の洞察を提供します.
- この方法は,規制性DNA配列の機能的な注釈を強化します.
関連する概念動画
Epigenetic Regulation
Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
X-chromosome...
Epigenetic Regulation
Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
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Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
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Cis-regulatory Sequences
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