捕食者の恐怖は,植物ゴミの分解を遅らせます
Dror Hawlena1, Michael S Strickland, Mark A Bradford
1School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, 370 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT 06511, USA. dror.hawlena@mail.huji.ac.il
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|June 16, 2012
まとめ
捕食性のクモは,間接的に土壌の生態系に影響を与えます. ストレスにさらされたヒョウは,クモによって変化し,植物のゴミの分解を遅らせ,タンパク質含有量の変化によって土壌のコミュニティ機能に影響を与えます.
科学分野:
- エコロジー エコロジー エコロジー
- 土壌科学は,土壌科学である.
- 捕食者と獲物の相互作用
背景:
- 地上の消費者は,植物のゴミの量と質を変化させることで,生態系プロセスに影響を与えます.
- 陸上の肉食動物が土壌コミュニティに及ぼす間接的な影響は完全に理解されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- 草食動物への捕食が土壌コミュニティの機能にどのように影響するか調査する.
- 捕食者が誘発した草食動物の変化が,その後の生態系プロセスに影響を与えるメカニズムを決定する.
主な方法:
- と蜘蛛の相互作用の実験操作.
- 体の炭素と窒素の比率を測定する.
- 植物ゴミの分解速度と土壌のコミュニティ機能の評価.
主要な成果:
- クモの捕食者にストレスを受けたは,体内の炭素と窒素の比率が高かった.
- 草食動物元素の含有量のこの変化は,の分解に影響を与えなかったが,土壌のコミュニティの機能を混乱させた.
- その後,植物のゴミの分解は減速し,捕食の遺産効果を示した.
結論:
- 陸上の捕食者は,土壌コミュニティへの影響を介して,生態系プロセスを間接的に規制することができます.
- 土壌に侵入する草食動物タンパク質の量は,この間接的な規制の重要な要因です.
- 捕食によって引き起こされる草食動物の変化は,土壌生態系の機能に永続的な影響を及ぼします.
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