ヌクレオチド切除DNA修復は,年齢に関連する血管機能不全と関連しています
Matej Durik1, Maryam Kavousi, Ingrid van der Pluijm
1Division of Vascular Medicine and Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Dr Molewaterplein 50, 3015 GE Rotterdam, Netherlands.
Circulation
|June 19, 2012
まとめ
ゲノム不安定は,年齢に関連する血管機能障害と硬直を加速します. DNA修復遺伝子変異は動脈硬化に関連しており,ゲノム不安定性を支持しています.
科学分野:
- ゲノミクスゲノミクスとは
- 血管生物学 血管生物学
- 老化に関する研究
背景:
- 老化,動脈硬化,糖尿病における血管機能障害は,DNA損傷と細胞老化に関連しています.
- 老化中の累積的なDNA損傷は,血管機能不全に寄与すると仮定されています.
研究 の 目的:
- 年齢依存性血管機能不全におけるゲノム不安定性の役割を調査する.
- ヒトにおけるDNA修復遺伝子変異と血管の硬化との関連を調査する.
主な方法:
- 遺伝子の不安定性をモデル化するために,欠陥のあるヌクレオチド切除修復遺伝子 (Ercc1とXpd) を有するマウスを利用した.
- これらのマウスでは,血管拡張機能と硬さを含む,年齢依存の血管機能の評価を行った.
- AortaGenコンソーシアムでDNA修復遺伝子の単核性多形態と動脈硬化との関連を分析した.
主要な成果:
- ゲノム不安定のマウスは,血管細胞の老化の加速,血管拡張器機能障害,血管の硬さの増加,高血圧を示した.
- 内皮の酸化窒素合成酵素レベルと滑らかな筋肉細胞機能は,血管拡張器機能不全に関与していた.
- DDB2遺伝子の単核酸多形態化と,ヒトにおける動脈動脈脈波速度との間に有意な関連性が見つかりました.
結論:
- ゲノム不安定は,年齢に依存する血管機能不全を再現し加速し,人間の状態を反映します.
- 人間のDNA修復遺伝子の変異は,血管硬さのマーカーと関連しています.
- この研究は,心血管疾患の発症にゲノム不安定が有意に寄与していることを示しています.
関連する概念動画
Nucleotide Excision Repair
Overview
Overview of DNA Repair
In order to be passed through generations, genomic DNA must be undamaged and error-free. However, every day, DNA in a cell undergoes several thousand to a million damaging events by natural causes and external factors. Ionizing radiation such as UV rays, free radicals produced during cellular respiration, and hydrolytic damage from metabolic reactions can alter the structure of DNA. Damages caused include single-base alteration, base dimerization, chain breaks, and cross-linkage.
Chemically...
Chemically...
Base Excision Repair
One of the common DNA damages is the chemical alteration of single bases by alkylation, oxidation, or deamination. The altered bases cause mispairing and strand breakage during replication. This type of damage causes minimal change to the DNA double helix structure and can be repaired by the base excision repair (BER) pathways. BER corrects damaged DNA sequences by removing the damaged base and restoring the original base sequence using the complementary strand as a template.
The first step of...
The first step of...
Nucleotide Excision Repair
Overview
Base Excision Repair
One of the common DNA damages is the chemical alteration of single bases by alkylation, oxidation, or deamination. The altered bases cause mispairing and strand breakage during replication. This type of damage causes minimal change to the DNA double helix structure and can be repaired by the base excision repair (BER) pathways. BER corrects damaged DNA sequences by removing the damaged base and restoring the original base sequence using the complementary strand as a template.
The first step of...
The first step of...
Nucleotide Excision Repair
DNA Distortion and Damage
Cells are regularly exposed to mutagens—factors in the environment that can damage DNA and generate mutations. UV radiation is one of the most common mutagens and is estimated to introduce a significant number of changes in DNA. These include bends or kinks in the structure, which can block DNA replication or transcription. If these errors are not fixed, the damage can cause mutations, which in turn can result in cancer or disease depending on which sequences are...
Cells are regularly exposed to mutagens—factors in the environment that can damage DNA and generate mutations. UV radiation is one of the most common mutagens and is estimated to introduce a significant number of changes in DNA. These include bends or kinks in the structure, which can block DNA replication or transcription. If these errors are not fixed, the damage can cause mutations, which in turn can result in cancer or disease depending on which sequences are...


