Rsxは,X染色体不活性化でXistのような性質を持つメタテリアンRNAです
Jennifer Grant1, Shantha K Mahadevaiah, Pavel Khil
1MRC National Institute for Medical Research, The Ridgeway, Mill Hill, London NW71AA, UK.
Nature
|June 23, 2012
まとめ
研究者らは,雌の有袋動物において,新しいRNA,Rsx (RNA-on-the-silent X) を特定した. このRNAはX染色体の不活性化に不可欠であり,哺乳類の遺伝子用量補償に不可欠なプロセスである.
科学分野:
- 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
- 発達生物学 発達生物学について
- 比較ゲノミクスとは
背景:
- 哺乳類の雌性 (XX) は,遺伝子用量バランスのために1つのX染色体を沈黙させます.
- エウセリアンX染色体の不活性化は,XistのノンコーディングRNAに依存しています.
- 袋類におけるX染色体不活性化のメカニズムは,依然としてほとんど不明である.
研究 の 目的:
- 袋類におけるX染色体不活性化のメカニズムを調査する.
- marsupial X染色体不活性化に関与する潜在的なRNA分子を特定する.
主な方法:
- モノデルフィス・ドメスティカ (Monodelphis domestica) という袋類を研究した.
- 新しいRNA,Rsx (RNA-on-the-silent X) を特定し,特徴づけました.
- 女性の体細胞と生殖細胞におけるRsx発現パターンを研究した.
- Rsxトランスゲンをマウスの胚性幹細胞に統合することによって機能研究を行った.
主要な成果:
- Rsxは,雌の有袋動物のみで発現する,大きな重複性RNAである.
- Rsxは,不活性X染色体から転写され,その染色体を覆う.
- Rsx発現は,X染色体の両方が活性である女性の生殖細胞で静止されます.
- Rsxトランスゲン統合は,マウス細胞におけるcisの遺伝子サイレンシングを誘発した.
結論:
- Rsxは, marsupial X染色体不活性化における役割と一致する性質を示しています.
- 研究結果は,Rsxが marsupialsにおけるXistの機能的なアナログである可能性があることを示唆しています.
- この発見により,哺乳類の進化におけるX染色体不活性化の比較研究が可能になった.
さらに関連する動画
12:42Quick Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization Protocol for Xist RNA Combined with Immunofluorescence of Histone Modification in X-chromosome Inactivation
Published on: November 26, 2014
08:27A Non-random Mouse Model for Pharmacological Reactivation of Mecp2 on the Inactive X Chromosome
Published on: May 22, 2019
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