中間質量ブラックホールHLX-1の2つの状態移行中の無線検出
Natalie Webb1, David Cseh, Emil Lenc
1Université de Toulouse, UPS-OMP, IRAP, F-31028 Toulouse, France. natalie.webb@irap.omp.eu
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|July 7, 2012
まとめ
天文学者は,中等質量ブラックホール候補から一時的な無線放射を検出し,ジェット噴出の証拠を提供しました. この発見は,すべての質量スケールでブラックホールのジェット生成の理解を強化します.
科学分野:
- 天体物理学と天文学
- ブラックホール物理学 ブラックホール物理学
- プラズマ物理学 プラズマ物理学
背景:
- 相対論ジェットは,恒星質量や超大質量ブラックホールから観測される.
- 中等質量ブラックホール (IMBHs) はジェットを生成すると理論化されているが,観測証拠は乏しい.
- ESO 243-49 HLX-1 は IMBH 候補である.
研究 の 目的:
- IMBH候補のESO 243-49 HLX-1からジェット生産の証拠を探すために.
- ブラックホールジェットの第3クラスの存在を確認するために.
- ESO 243-49 HLX-1の質量推定を精密にするために.
主な方法:
- 暫定的な無線電波の検出.
- ラジオ観測により,ESO 243-49 HLX-1の位置が特定されました.
- ジェットエジェクションシグネチャーを特定するために,無線放射の分析.
主要な成果:
- ESO 243-49 HLX-1の位置で一時的な無線放射が検出されました.
- 観測された無線放射は,離散ジェットエジェクションイベントと一致しています.
- ブラックホールの質量は,太陽の質量約9×10^3から9×10^4の範囲に精錬された.
結論:
- この検出は,中等質量ブラックホールによるジェット生成の強力な証拠を提供します.
- この発見は,ブラックホールのジェット現象の完全なスペクトルの存在を裏付けている.
- ESO 243-49 HLX-1は,IMBH天体物理学を研究するための重要なオブジェクトです.
関連する概念動画
01:10Detection of Black Holes
Although black holes were theoretically postulated in the 1920s, they remained outside the domain of observational astronomy until the 1970s.
Their closest cousins are neutron stars, which are composed almost entirely of neutrons packed against each other, making them extremely dense. A neutron star has the same mass as the Sun but its diameter is only a few kilometers. Therefore, the escape velocity from their surface is close to the speed of light.
Not until the 1960s, when the first neutron...
Their closest cousins are neutron stars, which are composed almost entirely of neutrons packed against each other, making them extremely dense. A neutron star has the same mass as the Sun but its diameter is only a few kilometers. Therefore, the escape velocity from their surface is close to the speed of light.
Not until the 1960s, when the first neutron...
01:13¹H NMR Signal Multiplicity: Splitting Patterns
When protons A and X are coupled, their nuclear spin energy levels are slightly modified. This is because the energy required to excite proton A to a spin state parallel to proton X is slightly different from the energy required for it to become anti-parallel to spin X. Consequently, there are two possible excitation frequencies for A (A1 and A2), depending on the spin state of X, and vice versa. The mutual nature of coupling implies that the difference between frequencies A1 and A2, indicated...
01:11Atomic Nuclei: Larmor Precession Frequency
The earth's gravitational field produces a 'twisting force' perpendicular to the angular momentum of a spinning mass (such as a spinning top) that causes the mass to 'wobble' around the gravitational field axis in a phenomenon called precession. Similarly, the magnetic moment (μ) of a spinning nucleus precesses due to an external magnetic field directed along the z-axis. The precession of the magnetic moment vector about the magnetic field is called Larmor precession, and the angular frequency...
01:23Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes
In the absence of an external magnetic field, nuclear spin states are degenerate and randomly oriented. When a magnetic field is applied, the spins begin to precess and orient themselves along (lower energy) or against (higher energy) the direction of the field. At equilibrium, a slight excess population of spins exists in the lower energy state. Because the direction of the magnetic field is fixed as the z-axis, the precessing magnetic moments are randomly oriented around the z-axis. This...
01:05Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance
The number of nuclear spins aligned in the lower energy state is slightly greater than those in the higher energy state. In the presence of an external magnetic field, as the spins precess at the Larmor frequency, the excess population results in a net magnetization oriented along the z axis. When a pulse or a short burst of radio waves at the Larmor frequency is applied along the x axis, the coupling of frequencies causes resonance and flips the nuclear spins of the excess population from the...
01:21Schwarzschild Radius and Event Horizon
No object with a finite mass can travel faster than the speed of light in a vacuum. This fact has an interesting consequence in the domain of extremely high gravitational fields.
The minimum speed required to launch a projectile from the surface of an object to which it is gravitationally bound so that it eventually escapes the object’s gravitational field is called the escape velocity. The escape velocity is independent of the mass of the object. Merging the idea of escape velocity with the...
The minimum speed required to launch a projectile from the surface of an object to which it is gravitationally bound so that it eventually escapes the object’s gravitational field is called the escape velocity. The escape velocity is independent of the mass of the object. Merging the idea of escape velocity with the...