ストラトスフィアの大きな火山性エアロゾール負荷は,アジアのモンスーン輸送と関連しています
Adam E Bourassa1, Alan Robock, William J Randel
1Institute of Space and Atmospheric Studies, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. adam.bourassa@usask.ca
まとめ
2011年のナブロ火山の噴火は,二酸化硫黄を上層熱帯圏に注入し,平流圏のエアロゾール増強につながった. これは,火山の噴火が平流圏に直接到達することなく,気候に影響を及ぼすことを示しています.
科学分野:
- 火山学 火山学とは
- 大気科学 大気科学
- 気候科学 気候科学
背景:
- 2011年6月13日,エリトリアのナブロ・ストラト火山が噴火しました.
- この噴火により,相当量の二酸化硫黄 (SO2) が放出されました.
研究 の 目的:
- 火山による二酸化硫黄の大気中の輸送と変換を分析する.
- ストラトスフィアのエアロゾール積載と潜在的な気候効果に対する火山噴火の影響を理解するために.
主な方法:
- SO2の羽ばたき分散を追跡するために衛星データの分析.
- 大気コンベクションとモンスーン循環のモデリング.
- ストラトスフィアの硫酸エアロゾール形成と増強の観測.
主要な成果:
- 約1.3テラグラムのSO2が上部熱帯圏 (9-14km) に注入されました.
- 深いコンベクションとアジアの夏季モンスーンの循環は,SO2を低層平流圏に運び込んだ.
- ストラトスフィアの硫酸エアロゾールの有意な増加が観察されました.
結論:
- 火山噴火は,硫黄を上層熱帯圏に注入することによって気候に影響を与えることができます.
- 深いコンベクションやモンスーン循環などの間接的なロフトメカニズムは,平流圏のエアロゾール増強に不可欠です.
- 噴火は気候に影響を与えるために硫黄を直接平流層に注入する必要はありません.
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