避妊薬による妊婦死亡の回避:172カ国の分析
Saifuddin Ahmed1, Qingfeng Li, Li Liu
1Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Bill and Melinda Gates Institute for Population and Reproductive Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. sahmed@jhsph.edu
Lancet (London, England)
|July 13, 2012
まとめ
避妊薬の使用は,母子の死亡率を大幅に削減し,2008年に272,040人の死亡を回避しました. 家族計画に関する満たされていないニーズを満たすことで,毎年10万4,000人の母子の死亡を防ぐことができます.
科学分野:
- グローバル・ヘルス グローバル・ヘルス
- 生殖器保健は,生殖器の健康についてです.
- デモグラフィー デモグラフィー 人口統計
背景:
- 開発途上国における妊産婦死亡率の減少を目指す"安全な母性イニシアチブ"では,家族計画が不可欠です.
- 望ましくない妊娠と満たされていない避妊の需要は,依然として重要な世界的な健康上の課題です.
研究 の 目的:
- 避妊薬の使用が母性死亡率に与える影響を定量化する.
- 満たされていない避妊のニーズが解決された場合,妊婦死亡率の潜在的減少を推定する.
主な方法:
- MMEIG,国連世界避妊薬使用,国連世界人口見通しからのデータで反事実モデル (モデルIとモデルII) を利用した.
- 避妊薬の使用によって回避された推定妊産婦死亡率と,167~172カ国の満たされていないニーズを満たす影響.
主要な成果:
- 避妊薬の使用は,2008年に推定272,040人の妊婦の死亡を回避した,これは44%の減少です.
- 避妊手段がなければ,妊婦の死亡率は2008年の合計の1.8倍だっただろう.
- 満たされていない避妊のニーズを満たすことで,毎年10万4,000人の母子の死亡を防ぐことができる (29%の減少).
結論:
- 避妊は,母子の死亡率を減らすために非常に効果的な一次予防戦略です.
- 満たされていない避妊のニーズに対処することは,開発途上国における母性死亡率のさらなる低下に不可欠です.
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