TNF受容体1の遺伝的リスクは,多発性硬化症における抗TNF療法の結果を反映しています
Adam P Gregory1, Calliope A Dendrou2, Kathrine E Attfield2
1MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK.
Nature
|July 18, 2012
まとめ
全ゲノム関連研究により,多発性硬化症 (MS) に関連した遺伝子変異体 rs1800693 が特定されました. TNFRSF1A遺伝子のこの変異は,腫瘍死滅因子受容体1 (TNFR1) の溶解可能な形態を生み出し,他の自己免疫疾患で使用されるTNF阻害剤を模倣します.
科学分野:
- 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
- 免疫学 免疫学とは
- 薬理学 薬理学とは
背景:
- 全ゲノム関連性研究 (GWAS) は,疾患に関連する遺伝子変異を特定しますが,因果関係と臨床的関連性を決定することは依然として困難です.
- TNFRSF1A遺伝子 (腫瘍死滅因子受容体1 (TNFR1) をコードする) にある特定の単一の核酸多形態化 (SNP),rs1800693は,多発性硬化症 (MS) と関連しているが,他の自己免疫疾患とは関連していない.
研究 の 目的:
- MSに関連したTNFRSF1A領域における因果的な遺伝子変異を特定する.
- MS関連変異の機能的役割と,腫瘍死滅因子 (TNF) 信号伝達および治療介入との関係を明らかにする.
主な方法:
- 原因SNPを特定するために,MS GWASデータと1000ゲノムプロジェクトデータを組み合わせたMS GWASデータの分析.
- TNFR1発現とTNF阻害に対するMSリスクアレルの影響を調査するための機能研究.
- 異なる自己免疫疾患におけるTNF阻害薬との臨床結果の比較.
主要な成果:
- 遺伝子解析は,RS1800693を,MSのTNFRSF1A領域における因果変異として強く示唆しています.
- MSリスクアレルは,TNFを阻害する溶解性TNFR1の発現につながります.
- 臨床データによると,TNF阻害薬はMSを悪化させるが, rs1800693関連性が欠如した自己免疫疾患では有効であり,その変異の効果を反映している.
結論:
- MSに関連したTNFRSF1A変種rs1800693は,機能的にTNF阻害薬を模倣しています.
- 自身免疫疾患のGWASを比較し,変異の機能的影響を調査することで,臨床実務と薬物開発に情報を提供することができます.
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