粘膜壁のHVEM信号は,病原性細菌に対する宿主防御を提供します
Jr-Wen Shui1, Alexandre Larange, Gisen Kim
1Division of Developmental Immunology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, 9420 Athena Circle, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.
Nature
|July 18, 2012
まとめ
ヘルペスウイルスエントリーメディエーター (HVEM) は,バクテリアに対する先天性粘膜の防御に不可欠です. HVEMをアゴニストで標的にすると,腸と肺の宿主防衛機構が強化される可能性があります.
科学分野:
- 免疫学 免疫学とは
- 微生物学 微生物学とは
- 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
背景:
- ヘルペスウイルスエントリーメディエーター (HVEM) は,様々な免疫機能を持つ腫瘍死滅因子受容体家族の一員です.
- HVEMは大腸炎のリスクと関連していますが,粘膜免疫における正確な役割は不明でした.
研究 の 目的:
- 病原性細菌に対する先天性粘膜の防御におけるHVEMのメカニズムを解明する.
- 腸内感染症中の免疫反応における上皮HVEMの役割を調査する.
主な方法:
- Citrobacter rodentium感染のマウスモデルを使用して,誰のノックアウトマウスを研究しました.
- 感染したマウスのStat3活性化,遺伝子発現,細菌負荷,死亡率を分析した.
- 免疫学的分析を用いて,CD160を上皮HVEMのリガンドとして識別した.
主要な成果:
- エピテリアのHVEMは,NF-κB誘導キナーゼ依存のStat3活性化によって免疫反応を強化する.
- 誰−/−マウスは,C. rodentiumの感染中に大腸の反応が低下し,バクテリアの負荷が増加し,死亡率が上昇した.
- CD160は,宿主保護を媒介する上皮のHVEMリガンドとして特定されました.
- HVEMは,Streptococcus pneumoniaeの肺感染症に対する宿主の防御に不可欠であることが判明しました.
結論:
- 皮質のHVEMは,先天性リンパ球からの信号を統合することによって,先天性粘膜免疫において重要な役割を果たします.
- HVEMによって誘発されたStat3の活性化は,宿主の防御に不可欠な上皮質の遺伝子発現を促進します.
- アゴニストによるHVEMをターゲットにすることは,粘膜の免疫を強化するための潜在的な治療戦略です.
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