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関連する概念動画

Periodic Classification of the Elements04:00

Periodic Classification of the Elements

The periodic table arranges atoms based on increasing atomic number so that elements with the same chemical properties recur periodically. When their electron configurations are added to the table, a periodic recurrence of similar electron configurations in the outer shells of these elements is observed. Because they are in the outer shells of an atom, valence electrons play the most important role in chemical reactions. The outer electrons have the highest energy of the electrons in an atom...
Crystallographic Point Groups01:29

Crystallographic Point Groups

Crystallographic point groups represent the various symmetry operations that can occur within crystals. They are unique in that at least one point will always remain unchanged during these actions. For instance, consider the triclinic system. This system, devoid of any axis or plane of symmetry, aligns with the C1 and Ci point groups.where Cᵢ is characterized solely by a center of inversion.Contrastingly, the monoclinic system introduces an element of symmetry. This system with one plane and...
Coordination Number and Geometry02:57

Coordination Number and Geometry

For transition metal complexes, the coordination number determines the geometry around the central metal ion. Table 1 compares coordination numbers to molecular geometry. The most common structures of the complexes in coordination compounds are octahedral, tetrahedral, and square planar.
Predicting Molecular Geometry02:27

Predicting Molecular Geometry

VSEPR Theory for Determination of Electron Pair Geometries
The Seven Crystal Systems: Overview01:24

The Seven Crystal Systems: Overview

Crystals with various point group symmetries belong to different crystal classes, which are synonymous terms. Despite being in the same class, crystals may have distinct shapes, like cubes and octahedra. There are 32 three-dimensional point groups, all of which are systematically divided into seven crystal systems.The basic cubic crystal system, exemplified by NaCl, features orthogonal vectors (α = β = �� = 90°) of equal lengths (a = b = c). When specific requirements are not imposed on the...
Noble Gases02:54

Noble Gases


The elements in group 18 are noble gases (helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon). They earned the name “noble” because they were assumed to be nonreactive since they have filled valence shells. In 1962, Dr. Neil Bartlett at the University of British Columbia proved this assumption to be false.

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関連する実験動画

Updated: May 20, 2026

Synthesis of Nine-atom Deltahedral Zintl Ions of Germanium and their Functionalization with Organic Groups
08:15

Synthesis of Nine-atom Deltahedral Zintl Ions of Germanium and their Functionalization with Organic Groups

Published on: February 11, 2012

グループ14の元素の四角性アロトロップである.

Zhisheng Zhao1, Fei Tian, Xiao Dong

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|July 19, 2012
PubMed
まとめ

研究者らは,炭素,シリコン,ゲルマーニウムなどのグループ14の元素に,新しい四角形アロトロップ (T12) を計算的に発見した. この sp(3) 結合構造は,以前未知の実験段階を説明し,新しい合成経路を示唆しています.

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Construction and Systematical Symmetric Studies of a Series of Supramolecular Clusters with Binary or Ternary Ammonium Triphenylacetates
06:35

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Published on: February 15, 2016

The Synthesis of [Sn10(Si(SiMe3)3)4]2- Using a Metastable Sn(I) Halide Solution Synthesized via a Co-condensation Technique
12:43

The Synthesis of [Sn10(Si(SiMe3)3)4]2- Using a Metastable Sn(I) Halide Solution Synthesized via a Co-condensation Technique

Published on: November 28, 2016

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: May 20, 2026

Synthesis of Nine-atom Deltahedral Zintl Ions of Germanium and their Functionalization with Organic Groups
08:15

Synthesis of Nine-atom Deltahedral Zintl Ions of Germanium and their Functionalization with Organic Groups

Published on: February 11, 2012

Construction and Systematical Symmetric Studies of a Series of Supramolecular Clusters with Binary or Ternary Ammonium Triphenylacetates
06:35

Construction and Systematical Symmetric Studies of a Series of Supramolecular Clusters with Binary or Ternary Ammonium Triphenylacetates

Published on: February 15, 2016

The Synthesis of [Sn10(Si(SiMe3)3)4]2- Using a Metastable Sn(I) Halide Solution Synthesized via a Co-condensation Technique
12:43

The Synthesis of [Sn10(Si(SiMe3)3)4]2- Using a Metastable Sn(I) Halide Solution Synthesized via a Co-condensation Technique

Published on: November 28, 2016

科学分野:

  • マテリアルサイエンス 材料科学
  • コンピューティング・ケミストリー
  • 固体物理 固体物理学

背景:

  • グループ14の元素 (炭素,シリコン,ゲルマニウム) は,重要な産業用途を持つ多様な安定したおよび変安定したアロトロプを示しています.
  • これらの元素の新型アロトロップの発見は,科学的に重要な分野であり続けています.

研究 の 目的:

  • グループ14の元素の新しいアロトロップを計算的に発見する.
  • 新たに特定されたアロトロプの構造と結合の性質を特徴づける.
  • 既存の実験データの説明を提供し,新しい合成経路を提案する.

主な方法:

  • 潜在的アロトロップを探索するために粒子群構造的検索を採用した.
  • 構造的,結合的,熱力学的性質を決定する計算方法を使用した.
  • d-スペーシングとラーマンスペクトルを含む実験データを分析した.

主要な成果:

  • 炭素,シリコン,およびゲルマニウムに共通する新型四角形アロトロップ (T12) を発見し,sp(3) 結合と相互接続した螺旋六,五,および七段のリングを特徴とした.
  • T12構造は,他の既知のsp(3) アロトロプと比較して,好ましい熱力学的安定性を示しています.
  • T12ポリモルフは,シリコン-XIIIのメタステーブルゲルミウムとラーマンスペクトルの実験的なd-スペーキングを成功裏に説明しています.

結論:

  • 計算で発見されたT12アロトロップは,シリコンとゲルマニウムの以前に謎の実験段階の構造的な説明を提供します.
  • 高圧Si-IIまたはGe-II相の解圧を介して,T12相のための実行可能な実験合成経路が提案されています.
  • この発見は,グループ14の元素の既知のアロトロピック景観を拡大し,将来の材料設計と合成のための経路を提供します.