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情報通信技術と交通機関におけるメガトレンドが,世界の身体活動の変化に及ぼす影響
Michael Pratt1, Olga L Sarmiento, Felipe Montes
1National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA. mpratt@cdc.gov
Lancet (London, England)
|July 24, 2012
まとめ
運動不足は,毎年何百万もの命を奪っている. 情報通信技術 (ICT) と交通政策の活用は,特に低所得国において,人口の身体活動を大幅に高めることができます.
科学分野:
- グローバル・ヘルス グローバル・ヘルス
- 公共衛生政策 公共衛生政策
- 医療情報工学 医療情報工学
背景:
- 身体的活動不足は,非伝染性疾患と死亡率の主な原因であり,特に低所得国や中所得国で顕著です.
- 毎年300万人以上の死亡は,身体的不活性に関連しています.
- 身体活動に対する世界的なメガトレンドの影響を理解することは,公衆衛生にとって極めて重要です.
研究 の 目的:
- 身体活動レベルに対する情報通信技術 (ICT) と輸送トレンドの影響を調査する.
- ICTの効果と伝統的な身体活動介入の効果を比較する.
- 資源の限られた環境に焦点を当てて,世界的に人口の身体活動を増やす機会を特定すること.
主な方法:
- 身体活動介入の体系的なレビュー.
- ICTと輸送の影響を評価するためのシミュレーションモデルの開発と適用.
- 各国の所得水準 (低所得,中所得,高所得) が異なっています.
主要な成果:
- ICT,特に携帯電話の直接的・間接的な影響は,身体活動のレベルに大きな影響を与えます.
- 身体活動に対するICTの影響は,計画された介入の規模に匹敵します.
- 通信部門と輸送部門を統合するシナージー政策は,人口の身体活動を増加させる大きな可能性を示している.
結論:
- 人口の身体活動を増やす最大の可能性は,通信と輸送を伴う部門間政策にあります.
- 身体活動に関する研究が実施されている地域と,世界的な健康への影響の可能性が最も大きい地域 (低所得国および中所得国) の間には大きな隔たりがある.
- ICTの活用と輸送の再考は,世界中の身体不活性と闘うための重要な戦略です.
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